Simmons Ruth, Malyuta Ruslan, Chentsova Nelli, Medoeva Antonia, Kruglov Yuri, Yurchenko Alexander, Copas Andrew, Porter Kholoud
MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Perinatal Prevention of AIDS Initiative, Odessa, Ukraine.
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 31;10(8):e0137062. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137062. eCollection 2015.
Data from Ukraine on risk factors for HIV acquisition are limited. We describe the characteristics of individuals testing for HIV in the main testing centres of the Ukrainian capital Kiev, including HIV risk factors, testing rates, and positivity rates.
As part of a larger study to estimate HIV incidence within Kiev City, we included questions on possible risk factors for HIV acquisition and testing history to existing systems in 4 infectious disease clinics. Data were provided by the person requesting an HIV test using a handheld electronic tablet. All persons (≥16 yrs) presenting for an HIV test April 2013-March 2014 were included. Rates per 100,000 were calculated using region-specific denominators for Kiev.
During the study period 6370 individuals tested for HIV, equivalent to a testing rate of 293.2 per 100,000. Of these, 467 (7.8%) were HIV-positive, with the highest proportion positive among 31-35 year olds (11.2%), males (9.4%), people who inject drugs (PWID) (17.9%) and men who have sex with men (MSM) (24.1%). Using published population size estimates of MSM, diagnosis rates for MSM ranged from 490.6 to 1548.3/100,000. A higher proportion of heterosexual women compared to heterosexual men reported contact with PWID, (16% vs. 4.7%) suggesting a bridging in risk between PWID and their sexual partners.
Collection of HIV risk factor information in Kiev, essential for the purposes of developing effective HIV prevention and response tools, is feasible. The high percentage of MSM among those testing positive for HIV, may indicate a significant level of undisclosed sex between men in national figures.
乌克兰关于艾滋病病毒感染风险因素的数据有限。我们描述了在乌克兰首都基辅的主要检测中心进行艾滋病病毒检测的个体特征，包括艾滋病病毒风险因素、检测率和阳性率。
作为一项更大规模研究的一部分，该研究旨在估计基辅市的艾滋病病毒发病率，我们将关于艾滋病病毒感染可能风险因素和检测史的问题纳入了4家传染病诊所的现有系统。数据由使用手持电子平板电脑进行艾滋病病毒检测的人提供。纳入了2013年4月至2014年3月期间所有前来进行艾滋病病毒检测的人（≥16岁）。使用基辅特定地区的分母计算每10万人的比率。
在研究期间，6370人进行了艾滋病病毒检测，检测率相当于每10万人中有293.2人。其中，467人（7.8%）艾滋病病毒呈阳性，31 - 35岁人群中阳性比例最高（11.2%），男性（9.4%）、注射毒品者（17.9%）和男男性行为者（24.1%）。根据已公布的男男性行为者人群规模估计，男男性行为者的诊断率在每10万人490.6至1548.3例之间。与异性恋男性相比，异性恋女性报告与注射毒品者有接触的比例更高（16%对4.7%），这表明注射毒品者与其性伴侣之间存在风险关联。
在基辅收集艾滋病病毒风险因素信息对于开发有效的艾滋病病毒预防和应对工具至关重要，而且是可行的。艾滋病病毒检测呈阳性者中男男性行为者比例较高，这可能表明国家数据中男性之间未公开的性行为水平较高。
