Shapiro B, Rufini V, Jarwan A, Geatti O, Kearfott K J, Fig L M, Kirkwood I D, Gross M D
University of Michigan, Department of Veterans' Affairs Health Systems, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor 48109-0028, USA.
Semin Nucl Med. 2000 Apr;30(2):115-32. doi: 10.1053/nm.2000.5414.
The whole body 131-I scan remains an important component in the postoperative treatment of patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Because normal thyroid tissue remnants and residual or metastatic foci of well-differentiated thyroid cancer have the unique ability to concentrate, organify, and store 131-I, the whole body scan provides a depiction of those tissues that can be ablated with therapeutic doses of 131-I. Over time, it has become obvious that the whole body scan may also reveal foci of 131-i uptake owing to a wide variety of other causes. We provide a detailed pathophysiological classification of the artifacts, anatomic and physiological variants, and nonthyroidal diseases that may give rise to false-positive whole body scans in postoperative patients with thyroid cancer. These include ectopic foci of normal thyroid tissue; nonthyroidal physiological sites (eg, choroid plexus, salivary glands, gastric mucosa, urinary tract); contamination by physiological sections; ectopic gastric mucosa; other gastrointestinal abnormalities; urinary tract abnormalities; mammary abnormalities; serous cavities and cysts; inflammation and infection; nonthyroidal neoplasms; and currently unexplained causes. This article also provides a detailed review of the widely scattered English language literature in which these phenomena were originally described.
全身¹³¹I扫描仍然是分化型甲状腺癌患者术后治疗的重要组成部分。由于正常甲状腺组织残余以及分化型甲状腺癌的残留或转移灶具有摄取、有机化和储存¹³¹I的独特能力，全身扫描能够显示那些可用治疗剂量的¹³¹I进行消融的组织。随着时间的推移，显而易见的是，全身扫描也可能因多种其他原因而显示¹³¹I摄取灶。我们对术后甲状腺癌患者可能导致全身扫描假阳性的伪影、解剖和生理变异以及非甲状腺疾病进行了详细的病理生理分类。这些包括正常甲状腺组织的异位灶；非甲状腺生理部位（如脉络丛、唾液腺、胃黏膜、泌尿道）；生理部位的污染；异位胃黏膜；其他胃肠道异常；泌尿道异常；乳腺异常；浆膜腔和囊肿；炎症和感染；非甲状腺肿瘤；以及目前原因不明的情况。本文还对最初描述这些现象的广泛分散的英文文献进行了详细综述。
