McElhinney B, McClure N
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Science, Belfast, UK.
Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2000 Feb;14(1):103-22. doi: 10.1053/beog.1999.0066.
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is an iatrogenic complication of assisted reproduction. In its most severe form, it is potentially fatal. The major clinical components are marked ovarian enlargement and increased capillary permeability leading to ascites, hydrothorax and pericardial effusion. Severe cases are associated with thromboembolic phenomena, respiratory distress and renal failure. The definitive pathophysiology is unknown. The available evidence would support a central role for inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic growth factors. Ultrasound examination and serum oestradiol values are currently used to predict patients at risk. The ideal treatment is prevention, but there has been only limited success. The main aims of treatment are to correct fluid imbalance, maintain renal perfusion and support the patient until the condition resolves. Drug therapy has a limited role, although anticytokine agents may prove useful.
卵巢过度刺激综合征是辅助生殖的一种医源性并发症。其最严重的形式可能会致命。主要临床症状为卵巢显著增大以及毛细血管通透性增加，进而导致腹水、胸腔积液和心包积液。严重病例还会伴有血栓栓塞现象、呼吸窘迫和肾衰竭。确切的病理生理学尚不清楚。现有证据支持炎症细胞因子和血管生成生长因子起核心作用。目前，超声检查和血清雌二醇值用于预测有风险的患者。理想的治疗方法是预防，但成效有限。治疗的主要目标是纠正液体失衡、维持肾脏灌注并在病情缓解前支持患者。药物治疗作用有限，不过抗细胞因子药物可能会被证明有用。
