Rau H
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1975 Feb 1;105(5):129-33.
Dizziness includes a wide variety of subjective sensations which are not conclusive as to their localization or pathogenesis. Even in the absence of other symptoms an analysis of dizziness, including consideration not only of its occurrence but also of its quality and course, can suggest several possibilities for differential diagnosis. We differentiate between positional vertigo, permanent vertigo and attacks of dizziness, which may be of long or only short (seconds to few minutes) duration. Based on this classification the differential diagnosis of vestibularly-induced dizziness, which ranges from distinct entities of peripheral disease (acute vestibulopathy, Ménière's disease) to symptomatic forms of peripheral or central pathogenesis, is discussed. The symptomatic medical treatment of vestibular dizziness is based on sedation of the central vestibular system. Translabyrinthine vestibular neurectomy is the treatment of choice for drug resistant Ménière's disease with a high frequency of attacks.
头晕包括各种各样的主观感觉，这些感觉在其定位或发病机制方面并不具有决定性。即使没有其他症状，对头晕进行分析，不仅要考虑其发生情况，还要考虑其性质和病程，这可以为鉴别诊断提供几种可能性。我们区分位置性眩晕、持续性眩晕和头晕发作，其持续时间可能较长或仅较短（数秒至几分钟）。基于这种分类，讨论了前庭性头晕的鉴别诊断，其范围从外周疾病的不同实体（急性前庭病、梅尼埃病）到外周或中枢发病机制的症状形式。前庭性头晕的对症药物治疗基于中枢前庭系统的镇静作用。经迷路前庭神经切除术是治疗发作频繁的药物难治性梅尼埃病的首选方法。
