Ercoline W R, Devilbiss C A, Yauch D W, Brown D L
TASC, Brooks AFB, TX 78235, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2000 May;71(5):489-95.
Several aircraft each year are lost because of an unexplained collision with the ground. The attitude of most of these aircraft prior to impact was nose-low and with excessive bank, i.e., greater than 90 degrees . Prior to these accidents, each aircraft was noted as either changing heading or making an abrupt roll.
Could there be some underlying tendency for the pilot to make unnoticed stick inputs after completing a roll from one bank angle to another?
Since ground-based flight simulators cannot create the true sensation of rolling an aircraft from one side to the other, the instrumented CALSPAN NT-33 aircraft was used for this study. Six pilots were given a series of three roll rates and two head positions while the aircraft automatically changed bank from 45 degrees of bank in one direction to 45 degrees of bank in the opposite direction. The subject's view of the external visual scene was restricted with a blue-amber vision restricting transparency combination. All attitude-indicating instruments were blanked, requiring the subjects to make stick inputs based on their vestibular (somatosensory) feedback.
Subjects experienced a consistent tendency to increase bank angle after given control of the aircraft immediately following the roll maneuver, while thinking they were maintaining a constant bank angle. In some cases, the pilots rolled the aircraft completely inverted.
When pilots rely on their perception of bank, following a roll, they will inadvertently increase their bank in the direction of the previous roll.
每年都有几架飞机因与地面发生不明原因的碰撞而坠毁。这些飞机在撞击前的姿态大多是机头向下且倾斜过度，即大于90度。在这些事故发生之前，每架飞机都被记录为要么改变航向，要么突然翻滚。
在飞机从一个倾斜角度翻滚到另一个倾斜角度后，飞行员是否存在一些潜在的倾向，会做出未被察觉的操纵杆输入？
由于地面飞行模拟器无法营造出飞机从一侧翻滚到另一侧的真实感觉，因此本研究使用了配备仪器的CALSPAN NT - 33飞机。六名飞行员在飞机自动从一个方向45度倾斜变为相反方向45度倾斜的过程中，被给予一系列三种翻滚速率和两种头部位置。受试者对外部视觉场景的视野通过蓝色 - 琥珀色视觉限制透明组合进行了限制。所有姿态指示仪器均被遮挡，要求受试者根据前庭（体感）反馈进行操纵杆输入。
在翻滚操纵后立即让受试者控制飞机时，他们都有一种持续的倾向，即在认为自己保持恒定倾斜角度的同时增加倾斜角度。在某些情况下，飞行员会将飞机完全翻转过来。
当飞行员在翻滚后依靠对倾斜的感知时，他们会在前一次翻滚的方向上无意中增加倾斜角度。
