Wejstål R, Månson A S, Widell A, Norkrans G
Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Göteborg, Sweden.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):816-21. doi: 10.1086/515187.
Hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection is more common than hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and is frequently found in healthy individuals. Although parenteral spread of HGV is well recognized, other routes of transmission probably occur as well. In a prospective study of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis viruses, 69 pregnant women with antibodies to HCV and their 81 newborn children were included. Serum levels of HCV RNA and HGV RNA were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, and antibodies to HCV and HGV envelope protein E2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fifty-nine of the mothers had HCV viremia, whereas 16 had HGV viremia. HCV transmission from viremic mothers occurred in 2.8%-4.2% of the cases, whereas HGV transmission from viremic mothers occurred in 75.0%-80.0% of the cases (P < .001). Sequencing of the PCR products of HGV from the mother-infant serum pairs showed minor differences in most cases but sequence homology in each pair. Although the rate of perinatal HGV transmission highly exceeded that of perinatal HCV transmission, HGV did not seem to induce hepatitis in the children.
庚型肝炎病毒（HGV）感染比丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染更为常见，且在健康个体中也经常被发现。尽管HGV的肠道外传播已得到充分认识，但可能还存在其他传播途径。在一项关于肝炎病毒母婴传播的前瞻性研究中，纳入了69名抗HCV抗体阳性的孕妇及其81名新生儿。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测血清中的HCV RNA和HGV RNA水平，并通过酶联免疫吸附测定法检测抗HCV和抗HGV包膜蛋白E2抗体。59名母亲存在HCV病毒血症，而16名母亲存在HGV病毒血症。病毒血症母亲的HCV传播发生率为2.8%-4.2%，而病毒血症母亲的HGV传播发生率为75.0%-80.0%（P<0.001）。对母婴血清对中HGV的PCR产物进行测序，结果显示大多数情况下存在微小差异，但每对之间存在序列同源性。尽管围产期HGV传播率远高于围产期HCV传播率，但HGV似乎并未在儿童中引发肝炎。
