Walter J E, Mitchell D K
Center for Pediatric Research, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2000 Jun;12(3):275-9. doi: 10.1097/00008480-200006000-00018.
Human astrovirus (HAstV) is a significant cause of acute diarrhea among children, resulting in outbreaks of diarrhea and occasionally in hospitalization. Improved detection methods for eight antigenic types of HAstV and studies assessing the frequency and severity of HAstV diarrhea have further defined the impact of HAstV infections in children. These studies have shown that HAstV infections are clinically milder (diarrhea, vomiting, fever) than rotavirus infections. However, frequent coinfection of HAstV with rotavirus and caliciviruses in childhood diarrhea complicates the epidemiology. Seroprevalence studies have provided evidence that the majority of children are infected by HAstV by 6 years of age. The route of transmission is probably fecal-oral from food or water sources. Recent and planned studies will help to define the epidemiology and in the future lead to prevention strategies, which could include vaccination.
人星状病毒（HAstV）是导致儿童急性腹泻的一个重要原因，可引发腹泻暴发，偶尔还会导致住院治疗。针对8种抗原型HAstV的改进检测方法以及评估HAstV腹泻发生频率和严重程度的研究，进一步明确了HAstV感染对儿童的影响。这些研究表明，HAstV感染在临床上比轮状病毒感染症状更轻（腹泻、呕吐、发热）。然而，在儿童腹泻中HAstV经常与轮状病毒和杯状病毒共同感染，这使流行病学情况变得复杂。血清流行率研究已提供证据表明，大多数儿童在6岁时就已感染HAstV。传播途径可能是通过食物或水源的粪口传播。近期和计划开展的研究将有助于明确其流行病学情况，并在未来促成预防策略的制定，其中可能包括接种疫苗。
