Simecka JW
Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 1998 Dec 1;34(2-3):235-259. doi: 10.1016/s0169-409x(98)00042-8.
To guard against disease, mucosal surfaces of the intestinal, respiratory and urogenital tracts are protected by a carefully regulated system of defenses known as the mucosal immune system. The hallmark of mucosal immunity is secretory IgA which can prevent infection and remove antigen crossing the mucosal barrier. IgE responses are also associated with mucosal immunity. In addition, a lymphocyte population resides within the mucosal epithelium, possibly forming a 'first line of defense' against infections. Oral administration of antigen can also induce antigen-specific peripheral immune tolerance, known as oral tolerance. Oral tolerance may prevent allergies, inflammation and other problems due to responses against food antigens or gut flora. It also has a tremendous potential in treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this article is to present an overview of mucosal immunity. Specifically, the focus is on immunity along the gastrointestinal tract; however, similar principles are active in other mucosal tissues.
为预防疾病，肠道、呼吸道和泌尿生殖道的黏膜表面受到一个精心调控的防御系统——黏膜免疫系统的保护。黏膜免疫的标志是分泌型IgA，它可以预防感染并清除穿越黏膜屏障的抗原。IgE反应也与黏膜免疫相关。此外，淋巴细胞群体存在于黏膜上皮内，可能形成针对感染的“第一道防线”。口服抗原还可诱导抗原特异性外周免疫耐受，即口服耐受。口服耐受可预防因针对食物抗原或肠道菌群的反应而引起的过敏、炎症和其他问题。它在治疗自身免疫性疾病和炎症性疾病方面也具有巨大潜力。本文旨在概述黏膜免疫。具体而言，重点是胃肠道的免疫；然而，类似的原理在其他黏膜组织中也发挥作用。
