Steil R, Ehlers A
Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena, Germany.
Behav Res Ther. 2000 Jun;38(6):537-58. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00069-8.
The paper suggests that the negative idiosyncratic meaning of posttraumatic intrusions (e.g., 'I am going crazy') and cognitive strategies intended to control the intrusions play a major role in maintaining posttraumatic stress disorder. Two studies of 159 and 138 motor vehicle accidents survivors showed that the dysfunctional meaning of intrusions explained a proportion of the variance of the intrusion-related distress, strategies used to end the intrusions, and PTSD severity that was not explained by intrusion frequency, accident severity, or by general catastrophic thoughts when anxious. Rumination, thought suppression, and distraction when having intrusions showed substantial correlations with PTSD severity, as did avoidance of reminders of the accident. The results have implications for the treatment of chronic PTSD.
该论文表明，创伤后侵入（例如，“我要疯了”）的负面特质性意义以及旨在控制侵入的认知策略在维持创伤后应激障碍中起主要作用。两项分别针对159名和138名机动车事故幸存者的研究表明，侵入的功能失调意义解释了与侵入相关的痛苦、用于结束侵入的策略以及创伤后应激障碍严重程度的一部分方差，而这些方差无法用侵入频率、事故严重程度或焦虑时的一般灾难性思维来解释。侵入发生时的沉思、思维抑制和分心与创伤后应激障碍严重程度显著相关，对事故提醒的回避也是如此。这些结果对慢性创伤后应激障碍的治疗具有启示意义。
