Kaitz M, Chriki M, Bear-Scharf L, Nir T, Eidelman A I
Department of Psychology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
J Genet Psychol. 2000 Jun;161(2):203-15. doi: 10.1080/00221320009596706.
To examine the effectiveness of new parents at soothing their infants, the authors filmed primiparae (20 mothers, 20 fathers) and, for comparison, multiparae (25 mothers, 25 fathers) during an interaction with their crying 2- to 3-day-old infants. Data were derived from loudness ratings of the infants' distress signals and by measuring the time it took parents to quiet their infants. In addition, specific parental behaviors were coded by microanalysis. From these data, measures of soothing effectiveness and behavioral profiles were derived. Data analyses showed that most primiparae were effective at soothing their infants' cries and that there were no parity effects on measures of soothing effectiveness. However, mothers, regardless of parity, were more effective at quieting their infants than were fathers, and there were significant differences in mothers' and fathers' caregiving behaviors. These data suggest that primiparae are effective at quickly soothing their newborns and that their skill, as measured, does not depend on parenting experience. Moreover, the data point to significant differences in mothers' and fathers' competence at quieting their newborns whether or not they are experienced at parenting.
为了研究初为人父母者安抚婴儿的效果，作者拍摄了初产妇（20位母亲、20位父亲），并作为对照，拍摄了经产妇（25位母亲、25位父亲）与他们2至3日龄哭闹婴儿互动的过程。数据来源于对婴儿痛苦信号的响度评级以及测量父母安抚婴儿使其安静下来所需的时间。此外，通过微观分析对特定的父母行为进行编码。从这些数据中得出了安抚效果的测量指标和行为概况。数据分析表明，大多数初产妇能够有效地安抚婴儿的哭声，并且在安抚效果的测量指标上不存在胎次效应。然而，无论胎次如何，母亲比父亲更能有效地使婴儿安静下来，并且母亲和父亲的养育行为存在显著差异。这些数据表明，初产妇能够有效地快速安抚新生儿，并且他们所测量到的技能并不取决于育儿经验。此外，数据表明，无论父母是否有育儿经验，母亲和父亲在安抚新生儿方面的能力存在显著差异。
