Kogan J N, Edelstein B A, McKee D R
West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA.
J Anxiety Disord. 2000 Mar-Apr;14(2):109-32. doi: 10.1016/s0887-6185(99)00044-4.
In 1994 there were 33.2 million older adults (65 years of age and older) in the United States, and approximately one quarter of these older adults meet diagnostic criteria for some mental disorder. Anxiety is among the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in older adults. However, insufficient research has been conducted on the assessment of anxiety in older adults. The purpose of this article was to provide an overview of issues to consider in assessing anxiety in older adults. First, a discussion of factors that may influence current prevalence and incidence figures is provided. Second, age-related differences in factors that can influence the experience and presentation of anxiety symptoms are considered. Third, age-related factors that can influence the assessment process or outcome are presented. Fourth, a discussion on the important role of multimethod assessment and the psychometric adequacy of available anxiety assessment instruments is presented. Finally, recommendations for clinical assessment and future research are provided.
1994年，美国有3320万老年人（65岁及以上），其中约四分之一的老年人符合某些精神障碍的诊断标准。焦虑症是老年人中最普遍的精神疾病之一。然而，针对老年人焦虑症评估的研究尚不充分。本文旨在概述评估老年人焦虑症时需考虑的问题。首先，讨论可能影响当前患病率和发病率数据的因素。其次，考虑影响焦虑症状体验和表现的因素中与年龄相关的差异。第三，介绍影响评估过程或结果的与年龄相关的因素。第四，讨论多方法评估的重要作用以及现有焦虑评估工具的心理测量充分性。最后，提供临床评估和未来研究的建议。
