Roth T
Division of Sleep Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Clin Cornerstone. 2000;2(5):28-38. doi: 10.1016/s1098-3597(00)90038-3.
Insomnia is a significant public health issue. Good sleep is essential for emotional and physical wellbeing. The importance of adequate sleep is evidenced by the fact that insomnia can adversely affect physical and mental health. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on Insomnia defines insomnia as an experience of inadequate or poor-quality sleep characterized by one or more of the following: difficulty falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, waking up too early in the morning, or unrefreshing sleep. The symptoms of insomnia also include daytime consequences such as tiredness, lack of energy, difficulty concentrating, or irritability. Insomnia can be a symptom of an underlying medical, psychiatric, sleep, or circadian disorder or a disorder in itself (i.e., primary insomnia). This paper will present information about the prevalence, morbidity, causes, and diagnoses of insomnia, and the behavioral and pharmacologic management of this disorder.
失眠是一个重大的公共卫生问题。良好的睡眠对于情绪和身体健康至关重要。充足睡眠的重要性体现在失眠会对身心健康产生不利影响这一事实上。美国国立心肺血液研究所失眠问题工作组将失眠定义为睡眠不足或质量不佳的体验，其特征包括以下一种或多种情况：入睡困难、难以维持睡眠、清晨过早醒来或睡眠后未感到恢复精力。失眠的症状还包括白天出现的后果，如疲倦、精力不足、注意力难以集中或易怒。失眠可能是潜在的医学、精神、睡眠或昼夜节律紊乱的症状，也可能本身就是一种疾病（即原发性失眠）。本文将介绍有关失眠的患病率、发病率、病因、诊断以及该疾病的行为和药物治疗方面的信息。
