Ben Rejeb A, Mamissi N
Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital Militaire, Tunis.
Tunis Med. 2000 Feb;78(2):146-51.
Nervous system anatomy knowledge acquired by arabo-islamic physicians enabled them to know its physiology represented by its excitability and its conductibility, and to understand pain physiology. Ibn Sina in his book entitle "The Canon of Medicine" precise anesthetic drugs and their side effects. Among these anesthetic means there were opium and ice. Ibn Sina distinguished organic pain and psychogenic pain. He used sedative and antalgic and soporific drugs in treatment of some psychologic diseases as melancholia. Moslem physicians were the first to use cold water to treat superficial burns. Anesthesia which lead to heavy sleep to used achieve surgical operations by oral, nasal(inhalation) and rectal route as it was described by Ibn Sina who indicated dosage to achieve three or four hour anesthesia which was necessary in an amputation surgery.
阿拉伯 - 伊斯兰医生所掌握的神经系统解剖学知识，使他们能够了解其以兴奋性和传导性为代表的生理学，并理解疼痛生理学。伊本·西那在他的《医典》一书中详细阐述了麻醉药物及其副作用。在这些麻醉方法中，有鸦片和冰。伊本·西那区分了器质性疼痛和心因性疼痛。他使用镇静剂、止痛剂和安眠药来治疗一些心理疾病，如忧郁症。穆斯林医生是最早使用冷水治疗浅表烧伤的人。正如伊本·西那所描述的，通过口服、鼻吸（吸入）和直肠途径使用能使人深度睡眠的麻醉剂来进行外科手术，他还指出了实现三到四小时麻醉所需的剂量，这在截肢手术中是必要的。
