Rubins J B, Charboneau D
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, USA.
Comp Med. 2000 Jun;50(3):292-5.
To define the effects of three commonly used anesthetic agents--sodium pentobarbital given intraperitoneally, and inhaled halothane and methoxyflurane--on the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia and bacteremia in an experimental murine model.
Swiss outbred mice were anesthetized with either sodium pentobarbital, halothane, or methoxyflurane before intranasal infection with Streptococcus pneumonia. At defined times after infection, bacterial numbers in lungs and blood, markers of acute lung injury, and lung cytokine levels were compared.
Mice anesthetized with inhaled halothane or methoxyflurane prior to intranasal inoculation with type-2 Streptococcus pneumoniae developed pneumonia and bacteremia distinctly different from that in mice anesthetized by intraperitoneal (IP) administration of sodium pentobarbital. Mice having brief exposure to inhaled halothane or methoxyflurane had significantly greater numbers of bacteria in lungs and blood 48 hours after inoculation, compared with mice anesthetized by IP administration of pentobarbital. Also, mice inhaling halothane had significantly decreased activities of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in lung homogenates at 24 hours after inoculation, compared with those given pentobarbital IP.
Effects of anesthesia on murine models of pneumonia should be considered in the design and interpretation of studies of pneumococcal pathogenesis.
在实验性小鼠模型中，确定三种常用麻醉剂——腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠、吸入氟烷和甲氧氟烷——对肺炎球菌肺炎发病机制及菌血症的影响。
在用肺炎链球菌进行鼻内感染前，将瑞士远交群小鼠用戊巴比妥钠、氟烷或甲氧氟烷麻醉。在感染后的特定时间，比较肺和血液中的细菌数量、急性肺损伤标志物及肺细胞因子水平。
在鼻内接种2型肺炎链球菌之前用吸入氟烷或甲氧氟烷麻醉的小鼠，所患肺炎和菌血症与腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠麻醉的小鼠明显不同。与腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠麻醉的小鼠相比，短暂接触吸入氟烷或甲氧氟烷的小鼠在接种后48小时肺和血液中的细菌数量明显更多。此外，与腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠的小鼠相比，吸入氟烷的小鼠在接种后24小时肺匀浆中促炎细胞因子白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子-α的活性显著降低。
在肺炎球菌发病机制研究的设计和解释中，应考虑麻醉对小鼠肺炎模型的影响。
