Stewart J H, McCarthy S W, Storey B G, Roberts B A, Gallery E, Mahony J F
Br Med J. 1975 Feb 22;1(5955):440-3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5955.440.
The nature of the original renal disease was determined in 403 consecutive cases of end-stage renal failure, in 317 of which the clinical diagnosis was corroborated by histological examination of the kidney. Five diseases accounted for 20 or more cases--glomerulonephritis (31% of the total), analgesic nephropathy (29%), primary vesicoureteral reflux (8%), essential hypertension (6%), and polycystic kidneys (5%). In only four cases did renal failure result from chronic pyelonephritis without a demonstrable primary cause. Greater use of micturating cystography and cystoscopy and routine urine testing for salicylate are advocated for earlier diagnosis of the major causes of "pyelonephritis". The incidence of end-stage renal failure in people aged 15-55 in New South Wales was estimated to be at least 34 new cases per million of total population each year.
对403例连续性终末期肾衰竭病例确定了原发性肾脏疾病的性质，其中317例通过肾脏组织学检查证实了临床诊断。五种疾病的病例数达20例或更多，分别为肾小球肾炎（占总数的31%）、止痛剂肾病（29%）、原发性膀胱输尿管反流（8%）、原发性高血压（6%）和多囊肾（5%）。仅4例肾衰竭是由无明显原发性病因的慢性肾盂肾炎所致。提倡更多地使用排尿性膀胱尿道造影和膀胱镜检查以及常规尿液水杨酸盐检测，以便更早诊断“肾盂肾炎”的主要病因。据估计，新南威尔士州15至55岁人群中终末期肾衰竭的发病率每年至少为每百万总人口34例新发病例。
