Stratton-Phelps M, Wilson W D, Gardner I A
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000 Jul 1;217(1):68-73. doi: 10.2460/javma.2000.217.68.
To determine whether foals with pneumonia that were treated with erythromycin, alone or in combination with rifampin or gentamicin, had a higher risk of developing adverse effects, compared with foals treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMS), penicillin G procaine (PGP), or a combination of TMS and PGP (control foals).
Retrospective study.
143 foals < 240 days old.
Information on age, sex, breed, primary drug treatment, total days of treatment with the primary drug, and whether the foal developed diarrhea, hyperthermia, or respiratory distress was obtained from the medical records. Relative risk (RR) and attributable risk (AR) were calculated to compare risk of adverse reactions between foals treated with erythromycin and control foals.
Only 3 (4.3%) control foals developed diarrhea; none developed hyperthermia or respiratory distress. Foals treated with erythromycin had an 8-fold risk (RR, 8.3) of developing diarrhea, compared with control foals, and increased risks of hyperthermia (AR, 25%) and respiratory distress (AR, 15%).
Results suggest that use of erythromycin to treat foals with pneumonia was associated with an increased risk of diarrhea, hyperthermia, and respiratory distress, compared with use of TMS or PGP.
确定与接受甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑（TMS）、普鲁卡因青霉素G（PGP）或TMS与PGP联合治疗的驹（对照驹）相比，单独使用红霉素或与利福平或庆大霉素联合使用治疗肺炎的驹发生不良反应的风险是否更高。
回顾性研究。
143匹年龄小于240天的驹。
从病历中获取有关年龄、性别、品种、主要药物治疗、主要药物治疗的总天数以及驹是否出现腹泻、体温过高或呼吸窘迫的信息。计算相对风险（RR）和归因风险（AR）以比较接受红霉素治疗的驹与对照驹之间不良反应的风险。
只有3匹（4.3%）对照驹出现腹泻；没有驹出现体温过高或呼吸窘迫。与对照驹相比，接受红霉素治疗的驹发生腹泻的风险高8倍（RR，8.3），体温过高（AR，25%）和呼吸窘迫（AR，15%）的风险增加。
结果表明，与使用TMS或PGP相比，使用红霉素治疗驹肺炎会增加腹泻、体温过高和呼吸窘迫的风险。
