Sweeney C R, Sweeney R W, Divers T J
Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348.
Vet Microbiol. 1987 Aug;14(3):329-36. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(87)90120-9.
Case records of 48 foals with pneumonia due to Rhodococcus equi were reviewed. Twenty of the 48 foals survived and 28 died or were euthanized. There was no significant difference between the survivors and non-survivors in the age of onset of illness, duration of illness prior to admission, the mean white blood cell (WBC) count, or the mean plasma fibrinogen content. All foals had R. equi isolated from a tracheobronchial aspirate or lung specimens obtained at necropsy. All organisms were susceptible in vitro (Kirby-Bauer) to erythromycin and gentamicin. Susceptibilities to other drugs were: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (88%), tetracycline (87%), chloramphenicol (83%); 97% were resistant to cephalothin and 83% to penicillin. Thirteen of the 20 surviving foals were treated with erythromycin and/or rifampin. A decline in mortality rate was observed with the introduction of the combination of erythromycin and rifampin. None of the 17 foals treated with penicillin and gentamicin survived. Chronic, active, non-septic synovitis was confirmed in 17 foals. These foals had joint distension with mild or no apparent lameness.
回顾了48匹因马红球菌感染而患肺炎的马驹的病历。48匹小马驹中，20匹存活，28匹死亡或实施了安乐死。存活者与非存活者在发病年龄、入院前病程、平均白细胞（WBC）计数或平均血浆纤维蛋白原含量方面无显著差异。所有马驹均从气管支气管抽吸物或尸检时获得的肺标本中分离出马红球菌。所有菌株在体外（Kirby-Bauer法）对红霉素和庆大霉素敏感。对其他药物的敏感性为：甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑（88%）、四环素（87%）、氯霉素（83%）；97%对头孢菌素耐药，83%对青霉素耐药。20匹存活的马驹中有13匹接受了红霉素和/或利福平治疗。随着红霉素和利福平联合用药的引入，死亡率有所下降。接受青霉素和庆大霉素治疗的17匹小马驹无一存活。17匹小马驹确诊为慢性、活动性、非化脓性滑膜炎。这些马驹关节肿胀，跛行轻微或无明显跛行。
