Wojciechowska I
Zakładu Patofizjologii, Pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej w Szczecinie.
Ann Acad Med Stetin. 1999;45:55-67.
Components of neural system in airways interact, and activation of one neural path can influence the releasing of mediators in other neural path. Electrophysiological investigations of mediators-influenced ion transport are one of many possibilities to study interactions between neural system in airway and airway's epithelium. Electrical transepithelial potential difference (PD) and transepithelial resistance (R) of isolated rabbit's tracheal wall were measured by using classical Ussing's method. Two types of stimulations applied on the tracheal mucosa were estimated; namely, the stimulation of adrenergic receptors by epinephrine (AD) and the mechanical stimulation (MS) by stream of fluid. The tissue reacted to both types of stimulations or was unresponsive in relation to both stimulations (Tab. 1). Changes of PD were reactions to AD or MS, whereas R remained without changes (Tab. 1 and 4). Ionic composition of the medium mimicked the composition of extracellular organism fluid. In such medium AD caused persistent depolarization of PD, whereas MS caused transient hyperpolarization of PD (Fig. 1). Regitin (RG) blocker of alpha-adrenergic receptors, beta-blocker propranolol (PR), and inhibition of prostaglandins synthesis by indomethacin diminished reaction of tracheal wall to AD (Tab. 2 and 3). Inhibition of chloride ions secretion by bumetanide diminished the reaction to AD, and lowered reaction to MS (Tab. 2). Inhibition of sodium ions absorption by amiloride had no influence on reaction after AD or after MS (Tab. 2). Indomethacin diminished reaction of the tissue to AD, while the reaction to MS remained without changes (Tab. 2). During the action of AD, RG, or PR reaction of tracheal wall to MS was upheld (Fig. 2, Tab. 4). Maintenance of reaction to MS despite previous influence on adrenergic receptors suggests that the epithelial cells, on the one hand, can be under adrenergic control and react in a manner being dependent on adrenergic system, and on the other hand they can independently respond to exogenous stimuli.
气道中的神经系统各组成部分相互作用，一条神经通路的激活会影响其他神经通路中介质的释放。对介质影响离子转运的电生理研究是研究气道神经系统与气道上皮之间相互作用的众多方法之一。采用经典的乌斯辛氏方法测量了离体兔气管壁的跨上皮电位差（PD）和跨上皮电阻（R）。评估了施加于气管黏膜的两种刺激类型；即肾上腺素（AD）对肾上腺素能受体的刺激和流体流的机械刺激（MS）。组织对这两种刺激均有反应，或对两种刺激均无反应（表1）。PD的变化是对AD或MS的反应，而R保持不变（表1和4）。培养基的离子组成模拟细胞外体液的组成。在这种培养基中，AD导致PD持续去极化，而MS导致PD短暂超极化（图1）。α-肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂瑞吉亭（RG）、β-阻滞剂普萘洛尔（PR）以及吲哚美辛对前列腺素合成的抑制作用减弱了气管壁对AD的反应（表2和3）。布美他尼对氯离子分泌的抑制减弱了对AD的反应，并降低了对MS的反应（表2）。阿米洛利对钠离子吸收的抑制对AD或MS后的反应没有影响（表2）。吲哚美辛减弱了组织对AD的反应，而对MS的反应保持不变（表2）。在AD、RG或PR作用期间，气管壁对MS的反应得以维持（图2，表4）。尽管先前对肾上腺素能受体有影响，但对MS的反应仍得以维持，这表明上皮细胞一方面可受肾上腺素能控制，并以依赖肾上腺素能系统的方式做出反应，另一方面它们可独立对外源刺激做出反应。
