Jürgens U, Pratt R
Brain Res. 1979 May 11;167(2):367-78. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(79)90830-8.
In 32 squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) the role of the periaqueductal grey has been investigated by combined stimulation/lesioning and by neuroanatomical experiments. The results are as follows. Firstly, periaqueductal lesions invading the laterally adjacent tegmentum abolish species-specific calls elicitable by electrical brain stimulation. This holds for stimulation sites rostral as well as caudal to this area. The only vocalizations which survive are phonations of an artificial character which can be evoked from the lateral medulla. Spontaneous vocalizations also seem to be abolished. Secondly, vocalizations elicited from the periaqueductal grey are not affected by bilateral lesions in vocalization-eliciting areas rostral to it, but are abolished by lesions in the dorsolateral pons and ventrolateral medulla. Thirdly, the periaqueductal grey receives direct projections from all vocalization-eliciting areas tested, viz. the precallosal cingulate gyrus, gyrus rectus, medial amygdata, central amygdaloid nucleus/substantia innominata, nucleus striae terminalis, dorsal hypothalamus, midline thalamus, periventricular grey, dorsolateral and ventrolateral midbrain tegmentum. Fourthly, the periaqueductal grey projects directly to the nucleus ambiguus, the site of the laryngeal motoneurones. The course of the main bulk of fibres corresponds to the lesion sites effective in abolishing periaqueductally elicited vocalizations. From these results, it was concluded that the caudal periaqueductal-lateral tegmental area is a necessary relay station for all external and internal stimuli capable of inducing species-specific calls. Its position within the stimulus-response loop seems to be on the output side, immediately above the level of motor-corrdination but below that of stimulus recognition.
在32只松鼠猴（松鼠猴属）中，通过联合刺激/损伤以及神经解剖学实验，对导水管周围灰质的作用进行了研究。结果如下。首先，侵犯外侧相邻被盖的导水管周围损伤会消除由脑电刺激引发的物种特异性叫声。这适用于该区域前方以及后方的刺激部位。唯一留存的发声是可以从延髓外侧诱发的人工特征发声。自发发声似乎也被消除了。其次，从导水管周围灰质引发的发声不受其前方发声引发区域双侧损伤的影响，但会被脑桥背外侧和延髓腹外侧的损伤所消除。第三，导水管周围灰质接受来自所有测试的发声引发区域的直接投射，即胼胝体前扣带回、直回、内侧杏仁核、中央杏仁核/无名质、终纹床核、下丘脑背侧、丘脑中线、室周灰质、中脑背外侧和腹外侧被盖。第四，导水管周围灰质直接投射到疑核，即喉运动神经元所在部位。大部分纤维的走行与消除导水管周围引发的发声有效的损伤部位相对应。从这些结果可以得出结论，导水管周围尾侧 - 外侧被盖区域是所有能够诱发物种特异性叫声的外部和内部刺激的必要中继站。它在刺激 - 反应回路中的位置似乎在输出侧，紧接运动协调水平之上但在刺激识别水平之下。
