Pediatrics. 2000 Aug;106(2 Pt 1):358-61.
Prenatal exposure to alcohol is one of the leading preventable causes of birth defects, mental retardation, and neurodevelopmental disorders. In 1973, a cluster of birth defects resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure was recognized as a clinical entity called fetal alcohol syndrome. More recently, alcohol exposure in utero has been linked to a variety of other neurodevelopmental problems, and the terms alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder and alcohol-related birth defects have been proposed to identify infants so affected. This statement is an update of a previous statement by the American Academy of Pediatrics and reflects the current thinking about alcohol exposure in utero and the revised nosology.
孕期酒精暴露是导致出生缺陷、智力发育迟缓及神经发育障碍的主要可预防原因之一。1973年，一组由孕期酒精暴露导致的出生缺陷被确认为一种临床病症，称为胎儿酒精综合征。最近，子宫内酒精暴露与多种其他神经发育问题有关，并且有人提出了酒精相关神经发育障碍和酒精相关出生缺陷这两个术语来识别受此影响的婴儿。本声明是美国儿科学会先前声明的更新版本，反映了目前对子宫内酒精暴露的认识以及修订后的疾病分类学。
