Kaye S, Darke S, Finlay-Jones R
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998 Dec 1;53(1):79-86. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00107-0.
The extent to which the onset of criminality with respect to heroin use accounts for heterogeneity within a heroin-using population was investigated among 400 community and incarcerated methadone maintenance patients. Those for whom crime preceded heroin use (primary antisocials) were younger and more likely to be male than those for whom heroin use preceded crime (secondary antisocials). Primary antisocials were also more likely to have committed violent crime and to qualify for a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). It is concluded that taking the order of onset of heroin use and criminality into account may reduce the risk of overdiagnosing ASPD among this population and help clarify the relationship between drug use and crime.
在400名社区美沙酮维持治疗患者和监禁中的美沙酮维持治疗患者中，研究了使用海洛因导致犯罪的情况在海洛因使用人群中造成异质性的程度。那些在使用海洛因之前就有犯罪行为的人（原发性反社会者）比那些在使用海洛因之后才犯罪的人（继发性反社会者）更年轻，且更有可能为男性。原发性反社会者也更有可能实施暴力犯罪，并符合反社会人格障碍（ASPD）的诊断标准。研究得出结论，考虑海洛因使用和犯罪的发生顺序，可能会降低该人群中过度诊断ASPD的风险，并有助于阐明药物使用与犯罪之间的关系。
