Carniel E
Laboratoire des Yersinia, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Int Microbiol. 1999 Sep;2(3):161-7.
A pathogenicity island present only in highly pathogenic strains of Yersinia (Y. enterocolitica 1B, Y. pseudotuberculosis I and Y. pestis) has been identified on the chromosome of Yersinia spp. and has been designated High-Pathogenicity Island (HPI). The Yersinia HPI carries a cluster of genes involved in the biosynthesis, transport and regulation of the siderophore yersiniabactin. The major function of this island is thus to acquire iron molecules essential for in vivo bacterial growth and dissemination. The presence of an integrase gene and att sites homologous to those of phage P4, together with a G + C content much higher than the chromosomal background, suggests that the HPI is of foreign origin and has been acquired by chromosomal integration of a phage. The HPI can excise from the chromosome of Y. pseudotuberculosis and is found inserted into any of the three copies of the asn tRNA loci present in this species. A unique characteristic of the HPI is its wide distribution in various enterobacteria. Although first identified in Yersinia spp., it has subsequently been detected in other genera such as E. coli, Klebsiella and Citrobacter.
在耶尔森氏菌属的染色体上已鉴定出一个仅存在于高致病性耶尔森氏菌菌株（小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌1B、假结核耶尔森氏菌I和鼠疫耶尔森氏菌）中的致病岛，并将其命名为高致病性岛（HPI）。耶尔森氏菌HPI携带一组参与耶尔森菌素生物合成、转运和调控的基因。因此，该岛的主要功能是获取细菌在体内生长和传播所必需的铁分子。整合酶基因和与噬菌体P4的att位点同源的存在，以及高于染色体背景的G + C含量，表明HPI起源于外源，是通过噬菌体的染色体整合获得的。HPI可以从假结核耶尔森氏菌的染色体上切除，并被发现插入到该物种中存在的三个天冬酰胺tRNA基因座的任何一个中。HPI的一个独特特征是它在各种肠杆菌中广泛分布。虽然最初是在耶尔森氏菌属中鉴定出来的，但随后在其他属如大肠杆菌、克雷伯氏菌和柠檬酸杆菌中也检测到了它。
