Parkes J D, Tarsy D, Marsden C D, Bovill K T, Phipps J A, Rose P, Asselman P
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1975 Mar;38(3):232-7. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.38.3.232.
Twenty-two patients with Parkinsonism were treated with levoamphetamine and 12 of these with dextroamphetamine. Levoamphetamine resulted in a significant improvement in disability from Parkinsonism, although the reduction in total disability, tremor, akinesia, and rigidity scores was slight (ca 20 percent). Dextroamphetamine in lower dosage also reduced disability by some 17 percent. The most disabled patients, including those also on levodopa, showed the greatest response to amphetamines. Previously, amphetamines have been reported to be a selective treatment for the oculogyric crises of post-encephalitic Parkinsonism. Amphetamines are thought to cause the release of catecholamines from central neurones. Their action in Parkinson's disease may be limited because of pre-existing striatal dopamine deficiency. Side-effects of amphetamines, anorexia, and CNS stimulation are different from those caused by levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease.
22名帕金森症患者接受了左旋苯丙胺治疗，其中12名还接受了右旋苯丙胺治疗。左旋苯丙胺使帕金森症导致的残疾状况有显著改善，尽管总残疾、震颤、运动不能及强直评分的降低幅度较小（约20%）。较低剂量的右旋苯丙胺也使残疾程度降低了约17%。残疾程度最重的患者，包括那些同时服用左旋多巴的患者，对苯丙胺的反应最大。此前有报道称，苯丙胺是脑炎后帕金森症动眼危象的一种选择性治疗方法。人们认为苯丙胺可促使中枢神经元释放儿茶酚胺。由于纹状体多巴胺预先缺乏，它们在帕金森病中的作用可能有限。苯丙胺的副作用、厌食和中枢神经系统刺激与帕金森病患者服用左旋多巴所引起的副作用不同。
