Guerrero-Romero F, Rodríguez-Morán M, Sandoval-Herrrera F, Alvarado-Ruiz R
Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico.
J Hum Hypertens. 2000 Sep;14(9):555-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001067.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in adults indigenous to their traditional communities from the north of Mexico. The study was based on a cross- sectional survey of inhabitants from Mexicaneros, Huicholes and Tepehuanos communities, which have not been influenced by a western lifestyle. A home interview and clinical examination that included blood pressure and anthropometric measurements of 217 men and 598 non-pregnant women aged between 35 to 64 years was carried out. Eligible indigenous subjects must have had no migratory history to partially or totally urbanised areas. Target population represented approximately 100% of the indigenous people who have spent all their life time in the community of birthplace. Age and body mass index average was 48.9+/-12.9 years and 25.6+/-5.1 kg/m2. Hypertension was identified in 56 individuals, 45 women and 11 men (prevalence 6.87%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.1-8.6). Forty-one percent of the hypertensive subjects were aware of being hypertensive. Hypertensive subjects had a higher intake of saturated fats than non-hypertensives. Salt consumption was lower than 6 g per day in subjects with and without hypertension. High intake of saturated fats (odds ratio 6.4, 95% CI 2.1-12.3; P<0.01) was an independent predictor for hypertension. This study presents, for the first time, data concerning hypertension in adults who are indigenous to and living in traditional communities from Mexico. Prevalence of hypertension was lower than in the partly urbanised rural communities with a westernised lifestyle and the urban areas of Mexico.
本研究的目的是评估墨西哥北部传统社区成年原住民高血压的患病率及危险因素。该研究基于对墨西哥裔、惠乔尔族和特佩瓦诺族社区居民的横断面调查，这些社区未受西方生活方式影响。对217名年龄在35至64岁之间的男性和598名非孕女性进行了入户访谈和临床检查，包括血压测量和人体测量。符合条件的原住民受试者必须没有向部分或完全城市化地区迁移的历史。目标人群约占一生都生活在出生地社区的原住民的100%。年龄和体重指数平均值分别为48.9±12.9岁和25.6±5.1kg/m²。56人被确诊为高血压，其中45名女性和11名男性（患病率6.87%，95%置信区间（CI）5.1 - 8.6）。41%的高血压受试者知晓自己患有高血压。高血压受试者的饱和脂肪摄入量高于非高血压受试者。无论是否患有高血压，受试者的盐摄入量均低于每天6克。高饱和脂肪摄入量（比值比6.4，95%CI 2.1 - 12.3；P<0.01）是高血压的独立预测因素。本研究首次呈现了墨西哥传统社区成年原住民高血压的数据。高血压患病率低于具有西方化生活方式的部分城市化农村社区和墨西哥城市地区。
