Singh R B, Beegom R, Ghosh S, Niaz M A, Rastogi V, Rastogi S S, Singh N K, Nangia S
Heart Research Laboratory, Centre of Nutrition, Medical Hospital and Research Centre, Moradabad, India.
J Hum Hypertens. 1997 Oct;11(10):679-85. doi: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1000511.
To determine age-specific prevalence of hypertension and blood pressure (BP) levels in relation to diet and lifestyle factors in North Indians.
Cross-sectional survey in 20 randomly selected streets in Moradabad, North India.
A total of 1806 subjects from North India (904 males and 902 females) age range 25-64 years. The survey methods were as follows: dietary diaries for 7 days food intake record; BP measurements; physician administered questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Diagnosis of hypertension was based on new World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) criteria. Risk factors were assessed based on WHO guidelines.
The prevalence of hypertension according to WHO/ISH criteria was 23.7% and by old WHO criteria 13.3%. In the WHO/ISH hypertensive group, isolated diastolic hypertension was present in 47.3% males and 40.6% females. Males have a slightly higher prevalence than females in the young age group, however, the prevalence rates are comparable in the older age groups. In both sexes, the prevalence rates and BP level increased with older age. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, higher body mass index, central obesity and higher socioeconomic status were independently and strongly associated with hypertension in both sexes. Higher dietary fat and salt intake and lower physical activity were weakly but significantly associated with hypertension.
Association of higher socioeconmic status, higher body mass index and central obesity in North Indian adults with higher fat intake, lower physical activity and higher prevalence and level of hypertension indicate that these populations may benefit by decreasing the dietary fat intake and increasing physical activity, with an aim to decrease central obesity for decreasing hypertension in North Indians.
确定印度北部人群中高血压的年龄别患病率以及与饮食和生活方式因素相关的血压水平。
在印度北部莫拉达巴德随机选择的20条街道进行横断面调查。
共有1806名年龄在25 - 64岁的印度北部受试者（904名男性和902名女性）。调查方法如下：记录7天食物摄入量的饮食日记；测量血压；医生发放的问卷以及人体测量。高血压的诊断依据世界卫生组织/国际高血压学会（WHO/ISH）的新标准。危险因素根据WHO指南进行评估。
根据WHO/ISH标准，高血压患病率为23.7%，按照旧的WHO标准为13.3%。在WHO/ISH高血压组中，单纯舒张期高血压在男性中占47.3%，在女性中占40.6%。在年轻年龄组中，男性患病率略高于女性，然而，在老年年龄组中患病率相当。在两性中，患病率和血压水平均随年龄增长而升高。多变量分析显示，年龄、较高的体重指数、中心性肥胖和较高的社会经济地位在两性中均与高血压独立且密切相关。较高的膳食脂肪和盐摄入量以及较低的身体活动水平与高血压呈弱但显著的关联。
印度北部成年人中较高的社会经济地位、较高的体重指数和中心性肥胖与较高的脂肪摄入量、较低的身体活动水平以及较高的高血压患病率和血压水平相关，这表明这些人群可能通过减少膳食脂肪摄入量和增加身体活动而获益，旨在减少中心性肥胖以降低印度北部人群的高血压患病率。
