Marchant J N, Rudd A R, Mendl M T, Broom D M, Meredith M J, Corning S, Simmins P H
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge.
Vet Rec. 2000 Aug 19;147(8):209-14. doi: 10.1136/vr.147.8.209.
The causes and timing of piglet mortality were studied in different farrowing systems. In the first experiment 198 litters were recorded in three systems, two of which allowed the sows to move freely, and the third restricted them in conventional crates. More piglets were weaned from the conventional crates than from the open systems and they grew more quickly. More than half the liveborn mortality occurred during the first four days after parturition. In the open systems, 17 per cent and 14 per cent of the piglets born alive were crushed, compared with only 8 per cent in the crates. In the second experiment, 29 sows and litters were studied in detail in a communal pen system during the first seven days of lactation. Three-quarters of the liveborn mortality was due to crushing. The total number of piglets dying per litter, including stillbirths, was significantly associated with the total litter size and the sow's parity. The percentage liveborn mortality was significantly associated with the parity and body length of the sows and with the within-litter variation in the birth weight of the piglets. Individual birth weight was closely associated with percentage survival. Only 28 per cent of piglets weighing less than 1.1 kg at birth survived to seven days.
在不同的分娩系统中研究了仔猪死亡的原因和时间。在第一个实验中，记录了三个系统中的198窝仔猪，其中两个系统允许母猪自由活动，第三个系统将母猪限制在传统的产仔栏中。从传统产仔栏断奶的仔猪比开放式系统中的多，而且生长得更快。超过一半的活产仔猪死亡发生在分娩后的头四天。在开放式系统中，17%和14%的活产仔猪被压死，而在产仔栏中这一比例仅为8%。在第二个实验中，在泌乳的前七天，对公共猪舍系统中的29头母猪和仔猪进行了详细研究。四分之三的活产仔猪死亡是由于被压死。每窝死亡仔猪的总数，包括死胎，与总产仔数和母猪胎次显著相关。活产仔猪死亡率与母猪的胎次、体长以及仔猪出生体重的窝内差异显著相关。个体出生体重与存活率密切相关。出生时体重低于1.1千克的仔猪只有28%存活到七天。
