Penttilä A, Lehti H, Lönnqvist J
Psychopharmacologia. 1975 Jul 23;43(1):75-80. doi: 10.1007/BF00437618.
The present work deals with the effects of psychotropic drug therapy on the operation of psychomotor functions used in a clinical examination of suspected drunken drivers. 100 psychiatric mental, but otherwise health, patients were examined; the type of medication and the number of drugs used varied greatly. In 71 cases the mean degree of error in the clinical examination was higher, and, in several of these, markedly higher than the reference values obtained earlier on suspected drunken drivers when the blood contained very small amounts of alcohol or none at all. In 18 cases coarsely-divided nystagmus was registered in patients on psychotropes. This is an obvious sign of a marked side-effect of medication but was present more infrequently than in subjects with after ingestion of alcohol. The present results indicate that application of the clinical examination method, which was originally developed for and related to the examination of alcohol cases, to subjects on psychotropes is adequate, and it is possible with clinical examination to obtain valuable medicolegal information on the impairment of physiological functions. The present review of suspected drugged drivers examined in Helsinki in 1969--1972 also supports this view.
本研究探讨了精神药物治疗对疑似酒后驾车者临床检查中所使用的精神运动功能操作的影响。对100名患有精神疾病但其他方面健康的患者进行了检查；所用药物的类型和数量差异很大。在71例病例中，临床检查的平均误差程度较高，其中有几例明显高于早期对血液中酒精含量极低或根本不含酒精的疑似酒后驾车者所获得的参考值。在18例服用精神药物的患者中记录到了粗分眼球震颤。这是药物明显副作用的一个迹象，但比饮酒者出现的频率要低。目前的结果表明，最初为酒精相关病例检查而开发的临床检查方法应用于服用精神药物的受试者是合适的，并且通过临床检查有可能获得有关生理功能损害的有价值的法医学信息。1969年至1972年在赫尔辛基对疑似药物影响驾车者的本次审查也支持这一观点。
