儿童肺外结核病
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in children.
作者信息
Maltezou H C, Spyridis P, Kafetzis D A
机构信息
University of Athens Second Department of Pediatrics, P & A Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.
出版信息
Arch Dis Child. 2000 Oct;83(4):342-6. doi: 10.1136/adc.83.4.342.
METHODS
The clinical and epidemiological features of 102 children with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, diagnosed between 1982 and 1998 at P & A Kyriakou Children's Hospital were reviewed.
RESULTS
During the past decade, a 50% increase of admissions for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was observed. The source of infection was disclosed in 48 patients. Diagnoses included superficial lymphadenitis (n = 48), pleural effusion (n = 27), meningitis (n = 16), skeletal tuberculosis (n = 5), miliary tuberculosis (n = 3), abdominal tuberculosis (n = 2), and pericarditis (n = 1). Miliary tuberculosis developed in infants, lymphadenitis and meningitis in preschool children, and pleural effusion and skeletal tuberculosis in older children. None of the patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis died; however, six patients with meningitis developed permanent neurological deficits. In these patients, antituberculous treatment was introduced at a median of six days following admission as compared with one day in patients with no complications. Poverty, immigration, and limited access to medical services were common among patients with meningitis.
方法
回顾了1982年至1998年间在P&A基里亚库儿童医院确诊的102例肺外结核患儿的临床和流行病学特征。
结果
在过去十年中，观察到肺外结核入院人数增加了50%。48例患者的感染源已查明。诊断包括浅表淋巴结炎（n = 48）、胸腔积液（n = 27）、脑膜炎（n = 16）、骨结核（n = 5）、粟粒性结核（n = 3）、腹部结核（n = 2）和心包炎（n = 1）。粟粒性结核发生于婴儿，淋巴结炎和脑膜炎发生于学龄前儿童，胸腔积液和骨结核发生于大龄儿童。肺外结核患者均无死亡；然而，6例脑膜炎患者出现永久性神经功能缺损。在这些患者中，抗结核治疗在入院后中位6天开始，而无并发症患者为1天。脑膜炎患者中贫困、移民和获得医疗服务有限的情况很常见。
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