Chiao C C, Vorobyev M, Cronin T W, Osorio D
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, 21250, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Vision Res. 2000;40(23):3257-71. doi: 10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00156-5.
Multispectral images of natural scenes were collected from both forests and coral reefs. We varied the wavelength position of receptors in hypothetical dichromatic visual systems and, for each receptor pair estimated the percentage of discriminable points in natural scenes. The optimal spectral tuning predicted by this model results in photoreceptor pairs very like those of forest dwelling, dichromatic mammals and of coral reef fishes. Variations of the natural illuminants in forests have little or no effect on optimal spectral tuning, but variations of depth in coral reefs have moderate effects on the spectral placement of S and L cones. The ratio of S and L cones typically found in dichromatic mammals reduces the discriminability of forest scenes; in contrast, the typical ratio of S and L cones in coral reef fishes achieves nearly the optimal discrimination in coral reef scenes.
自然场景的多光谱图像采集自森林和珊瑚礁。我们改变了假设的双色视觉系统中受体的波长位置，并针对每对受体估计了自然场景中可辨别的点的百分比。该模型预测的最佳光谱调谐导致光感受器对与栖息在森林中的双色哺乳动物和珊瑚礁鱼类的光感受器对非常相似。森林中自然光源的变化对最佳光谱调谐几乎没有影响，但珊瑚礁深度的变化对S锥和L锥的光谱位置有适度影响。双色哺乳动物中典型的S锥和L锥比例降低了森林场景的可辨别性；相比之下，珊瑚礁鱼类中典型的S锥和L锥比例在珊瑚礁场景中实现了近乎最佳的辨别能力。
