Kim M R, Lee H R, Lee G M
Department of Paediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
J Infect. 2000 Sep;41(2):152-8. doi: 10.1053/jinf.2000.0715.
Viruses are the most common causes of respiratory tract infection in children. We investigated the aetiologies and the epidemiological features of acute viral respiratory tract infections in Korean children.
We tried to isolate respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus from January 1994, influenza virus from February 1995, and adenovirus from April 1996 through August 1998, and identified the isolated viruses by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) staining in the children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI).
Virus was identified in 360 of 1389 (25.9%) nasopharyngeal aspirates cultured. Of a total of 392 viruses, 164 (41.8%) RSV, 90 (23%) parainfluenza virus, 66 (16.8%) influenza A virus, 54 (13.8%) adenovirus, and 18 (4.6%) influenza B virus were cultured, including cases in mixed viral infections. The male to female ratio of the culture-positive patients was 2:1, and the proportions of the patients aged >6 months, 6-11 months, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-7, 8-9, and >10 years were 22.5, 29.5, 25.7, 9.5, 3.8, 3.8, 1.7, 1.7, 1.2, and 0.6%, respectively. The major clinical diagnosis was bronchiolitis for RSV, croup for parainfluenza virus, and pneumonia for adenovirus and influenza virus. Infections by RSV, parainfluenza virus, and influenza virus occurred in annual epidemics, and infections by adenovirus occurred annually with or without epidemics. There were somewhat larger epidemics by adenovirus and influenza virus in May to July 1996 and March to June 1997, respectively.
Viral agents are one of the main aetiologies and the main causes of admission in Korean children with ARTI.
病毒是儿童呼吸道感染最常见的病因。我们调查了韩国儿童急性病毒性呼吸道感染的病因及流行病学特征。
从1994年1月起我们尝试分离呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和副流感病毒，从1995年2月起分离流感病毒，从1996年4月至1998年8月分离腺病毒，并通过间接免疫荧光（IF）染色对因急性呼吸道感染（ARTI）住院的儿童所分离出的病毒进行鉴定。
在1389份培养的鼻咽抽吸物中，有360份（25.9%）鉴定出病毒。在总共392种病毒中，培养出164种（41.8%）RSV、90种（23%）副流感病毒、66种（16.8%）甲型流感病毒、54种（13.8%）腺病毒和18种（4.6%）乙型流感病毒，包括混合病毒感染病例。培养阳性患者的男女比例为2:1，年龄大于6个月、6至11个月、1岁、2岁、3岁、4岁、5岁、6至7岁、8至9岁和大于10岁的患者比例分别为22.5%、29.5%、25.7%、9.5%、3.8%、3.8%、1.7%、1.7%、1.2%和0.6%。主要临床诊断为RSV引起的细支气管炎、副流感病毒引起的哮吼、腺病毒和流感病毒引起的肺炎。RSV、副流感病毒和流感病毒感染呈年度流行，腺病毒感染每年都有，有或没有流行。1996年5月至7月腺病毒和1997年3月至6月流感病毒的流行规模稍大。
病毒病原体是韩国患ARTI儿童的主要病因之一及住院的主要原因。
