Lau F L
Accident and Emergency Department, United Christian Hospital, 130 Hip Wo Street, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Hong Kong Med J. 2000 Sep;6(3):288-92.
The emergency management of poisoning is important in reducing the risk of mortality and morbidity in poisoned patients. This article reviews the Hong Kong system of prehospital and emergency care of poisoning, with reference to recent advances in this field. Administering activated charcoal is recommended for the gastro-intestinal decontamination of most poisons, unless doing so is contra-indicated. Gastric lavage should be considered only in life-threatening cases of poisoning that present within the first hour. Newer antidotes that are available in Hong Kong accident and emergency departments include hydroxocobalamin, stonefish and snake antevenenes, digoxin-specific antibodies, esmolol hydrochloride, and octreotide. The 'golden hour' concept of gastro-intestinal decontamination is advocated and ways to ensure that decontamination is performed within the 'golden hour' are suggested.
中毒的应急处理对于降低中毒患者的死亡和发病风险至关重要。本文参考该领域的最新进展，综述了香港院前及中毒急救系统。对于大多数毒物的胃肠道去污，推荐使用活性炭，除非有禁忌。仅在中毒后首小时内出现的危及生命的中毒病例中才考虑洗胃。香港急症科可获得的新型解毒剂包括羟钴胺、石鱼和蛇抗毒血清、地高辛特异性抗体、盐酸艾司洛尔和奥曲肽。提倡胃肠道去污的“黄金一小时”概念，并提出确保在“黄金一小时”内进行去污的方法。
