Brook J S, Richter L, Rubenstone E
Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Ann Med. 2000 Sep;32(6):401-7. doi: 10.3109/07853890008995947.
This article summarizes the existing literature on the relationship between adolescent drug use and abuse and the development of psychiatric disorders in adulthood. In recent years, there has been increased awareness of the co-occurrence of drug abuse and psychiatric disorders in adolescence and young adulthood. Few longitudinal studies, however, have examined specifically the impact of earlier drug use and abuse on later psychiatric disorders. The literature suggests three possible models to explain the relation between drug use and abuse and psychiatric disorders. According to the first model, adolescent psychiatric disorders precede drug use and abuse. A second model postulates that psychiatric disorders and drug use are correlated because they share one or more common aetiological factor(s). The third model posits that drug use and abuse predict or precede certain psychiatric disorders. We present data from a recent longitudinal study to support this latter model. As drug use and abuse have been shown to increase the likelihood of psychiatric disorders, it is clear that medical attention needs to be given to adolescents who use drugs of abuse. It is expected that a decrease in adolescent drug abuse should lead to an accompanying reduction in later psychiatric disorders.
本文总结了关于青少年药物使用与滥用和成年期精神障碍发展之间关系的现有文献。近年来，人们越来越意识到药物滥用与青少年和青年期精神障碍的共现情况。然而，很少有纵向研究专门考察早期药物使用与滥用对后期精神障碍的影响。文献提出了三种可能的模型来解释药物使用与滥用和精神障碍之间的关系。根据第一种模型，青少年精神障碍先于药物使用与滥用出现。第二种模型假定精神障碍与药物使用相关，因为它们共享一个或多个共同病因因素。第三种模型认为药物使用与滥用可预测或先于某些精神障碍。我们展示了一项近期纵向研究的数据以支持后一种模型。由于药物使用与滥用已被证明会增加患精神障碍的可能性，显然需要对滥用药物的青少年给予医疗关注。预计青少年药物滥用的减少将伴随后期精神障碍的减少。
