Doran T I, Parra E
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Pediatrics, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
Arch Fam Med. 2000 Sep-Oct;9(9):924-9. doi: 10.1001/archfami.9.9.924.
Guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga, recommend that all pregnant women be offered human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing to ensure that they have the opportunity to use currently available therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk infecting their offspring with HIV. These recommendations have resulted in an increased number of low-risk women being tested and a significant rise in the percentage of false-positive results from HIV antibody screening tests and ambiguous (indeterminate) findings from confirmatory tests. Women receiving such results are generally in emotional turmoil yet must make treatment choices if they prove to be infected. This article provides guidelines to help general medical practitioners to understand the nature of HIV testing, to assess a woman's infection status when initial tests are ambiguous, and to determine when treatment is appropriate.
佐治亚州亚特兰大市疾病控制与预防中心的指南建议，应为所有孕妇提供人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）检测，以确保她们有机会使用目前可用的治疗干预措施，降低将HIV感染给后代的风险。这些建议导致接受检测的低风险女性数量增加，HIV抗体筛查试验的假阳性结果百分比以及确证试验的模糊（不确定）结果显著上升。收到此类结果的女性通常情绪波动很大，但如果被证实感染，她们必须做出治疗选择。本文提供了一些指南，以帮助普通医生了解HIV检测的性质，在初始检测结果不明确时评估女性的感染状况，并确定何时进行治疗是合适的。
