Dvorak J, Junge A
Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland.
Am J Sports Med. 2000;28(5 Suppl):S3-9. doi: 10.1177/28.suppl_5.s-3.
Football is one of the most popular sports worldwide. The frequency of football injuries is estimated to be approximately 10 to 35 per 1000 playing hours. The majority of injuries occur in the lower extremities, mainly in the knees and ankles; the number of head injuries is probably underestimated. The average cost for medical treatment per football injury is estimated to be $150 (U.S. dollars). Considering the number of active football players worldwide, the socioeconomic and financial consequences of injury are of such a proportion that a prevention program to reduce the incidence of injuries is urgently required. For this reason, an analysis of intrinsic (person-related) and extrinsic (environment-related) risk factors was undertaken based on a review of the current literature. It was concluded that the epidemiologic information regarding the sports medicine aspects of football injuries is inconsistent and far from complete because of the employment of heterogeneous methods, various definitions of injury, and different characteristics of the assessed teams. The aim of this study was to analyze the literature on the incidence of injuries and symptoms in football players, as well as to identify risk factors for injury and to demonstrate possibilities for injury prevention.
足球是全球最受欢迎的运动之一。据估计，足球运动损伤的发生率约为每1000比赛小时10至35次。大多数损伤发生在下肢，主要是膝盖和脚踝；头部损伤的数量可能被低估了。每次足球运动损伤的平均医疗费用估计为150美元（美国）。考虑到全球活跃的足球运动员数量，损伤的社会经济和财务后果达到了这样一种程度，即迫切需要一个预防计划来降低损伤发生率。出于这个原因，基于对当前文献的综述，对内在（与个人相关）和外在（与环境相关）风险因素进行了分析。得出的结论是，由于采用了不同的方法、对损伤的各种定义以及所评估球队的不同特征，关于足球运动损伤的运动医学方面的流行病学信息并不一致且远非完整。本研究的目的是分析有关足球运动员损伤发生率和症状的文献，识别损伤的风险因素，并展示预防损伤的可能性。
