Thaker G K, Ross D E, Cassady S L, Adami H M, Medoff D R, Sherr J
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, PO Box 21247, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA.
Schizophr Res. 2000 Oct 27;45(3):235-44. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00193-0.
Recent studies note abnormalities in saccadic eye movements of relatives of patients with schizophrenia. The current study examined which aspects of the saccadic system are affected, whether these saccadic abnormalities are associated with schizophrenia spectrum personality symptoms (SSP), and whether such an association is dependent on a family history of schizophrenia. Furthermore, the study examined what proportion of relatives have the saccadic abnormality(ies). Fifty-five first-degree relatives with no DSM-III-R Axis I diagnosis participated in the study. Twenty-one of these relatives experienced SSP symptoms and 34 had no Axis II diagnosis. Sixty-two subjects with no Axis I diagnosis were recruited from the community. Twenty-five experienced SSP symptoms and 37 had no Axis II diagnosis. Prosaccades (saccades toward the target) and antisaccades (saccades made in the opposite direction of the target jump) were examined. Relatives, particularly those with SSP, had difficulties with the antisaccade task as suggested by higher error rates and longer antisaccade latency. Prosaccades were not different in relatives compared to the community subjects, although the effects of field were different in the two groups on some measures. The antisaccade latency was 'abnormal' in only a small proportion (1.6%) of community subjects compared to 14.9% of all relatives (35.3% of SSP relatives and 3.3% of non-SSP relatives). Relatives of patients with schizophrenia have deficits in aspects of the saccadic system involved in generating internally driven saccades and inhibition of unwanted saccades. These deficits implicate frontal ocular motor neuronal circuitry involving frontal cortical and basal ganglia areas. These deficits are associated with SSP symptoms, but not in the absence of a blood relationship to schizophrenia. The relatively high prevalence rate of the abnormality in at-risk subjects may have relevance for use of these measures in linkage analysis.
近期研究指出精神分裂症患者亲属的眼球扫视运动存在异常。本研究调查了扫视系统的哪些方面受到影响，这些扫视异常是否与精神分裂症谱系人格症状（SSP）相关，以及这种关联是否依赖于精神分裂症家族史。此外，该研究还调查了有扫视异常的亲属比例。55名无DSM-III-R轴I诊断的一级亲属参与了研究。其中21名亲属有SSP症状，34名无轴II诊断。从社区招募了62名无轴I诊断的受试者。25名有SSP症状，37名无轴II诊断。对前扫视（朝目标的扫视）和反扫视（朝目标跳跃相反方向的扫视）进行了检测。亲属，尤其是有SSP的亲属，在反扫视任务中存在困难，表现为错误率更高和反扫视潜伏期更长。与社区受试者相比，亲属的前扫视没有差异，尽管两组在某些测量指标上视野的影响有所不同。与14.9%的所有亲属（35.3%的SSP亲属和3.3%的非SSP亲属）相比，只有一小部分（1.6%）社区受试者的反扫视潜伏期“异常”。精神分裂症患者的亲属在产生内源性驱动扫视和抑制不必要扫视所涉及的扫视系统方面存在缺陷。这些缺陷表明额叶眼动神经元回路涉及额叶皮质和基底神经节区域。这些缺陷与SSP症状相关，但在与精神分裂症无血缘关系的情况下则不然。高危受试者中该异常的相对高患病率可能与在连锁分析中使用这些测量指标有关。
