Friedberg W, Copeland K, Duke F E, O'Brien K, Darden E B
Civil Aeromedical Institute, Federal Aviation Administration, Oklahoma City, OK 73125-5066, USA.
Health Phys. 2000 Nov;79(5):591-5. doi: 10.1097/00004032-200011000-00018.
Air carrier crews are occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation, principally from galactic cosmic radiation. To promote radiation safety in aviation the Federal Aviation Administration has: issued educational material on the nature of the radiation received during air travel; recommended radiation exposure limits for pregnant and nonpregnant aircrew members; developed computer programs that estimate for a given flight profile the amount of galactic radiation received on a current flight or on one flown at any time back to January 1958; published tables that enable aircrew members to estimate possible health risks associated with their occupational exposure to radiation; and conducted research on effects of radiation during pregnancy. References for this material are given in the article. In addition, graphic and tabular data in the article show how galactic radiation levels and the composition of the galactic radiation has changed between 1958 and 1999. Also given are estimates of effective doses received by air travelers on a wide variety of air carrier flights.
航空机组人员职业性地暴露于电离辐射中，主要来自银河系宇宙辐射。为促进航空领域的辐射安全，美国联邦航空管理局已：发布有关航空旅行期间所接收辐射性质的教育材料；推荐了孕妇和非孕妇空勤人员的辐射暴露限值；开发了计算机程序，可针对给定的飞行剖面估算当前航班或自1958年1月以来任何时间飞行的航班所接收的银河系辐射量；发布了表格，使空勤人员能够估算与其职业性辐射暴露相关的可能健康风险；并开展了关于孕期辐射影响的研究。本文给出了该材料的参考文献。此外，本文中的图表数据显示了1958年至1999年间银河系辐射水平及银河系辐射组成是如何变化的。还给出了各类航空承运人航班上航空旅客所接收有效剂量的估算值。
