Minor T E, Dick E C, Dick C R, Inhorn S L
J Clin Microbiol. 1975 Nov;2(5):403-9. doi: 10.1128/jcm.2.5.403-409.1975.
Ninety-five healthy adults, ages 18 to 56 years, received two intranasal doses, 2 weeks apart, of a live, attenuated, influenza type A (H3N2) vaccine (an inhibitor-resistant recombinant strain of A/England/42/72 named "Alice"). Ninety-two persons were given placebos similarly. Ninety-three percent of 68 subjects with initial serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titers of greater than or equal to 1:40 to influenza A (H3N2) had a fourfold or greater antibody increase in postvaccination sera. Forty-four percent of 27 subjects with an initial HI titer of greater than or equal to 1:80 had similar increases. Overall, 77% of vaccinees had fourfold or greater antibody titer increases. Vaccinees had geometric mean serum HI titers (GMT) of 1:26, 1:123, and 1:166 at 0, 14, and 30 days, respectively. The GMTs for placebos were 1:21, 1:22, and 1:21. Thirty-five vaccinees were examined for both serum and nasal antibody; 89% had significant increases in one or both. Nasal antibody response was directly related to the level of initial serum HI titer in that 83% of 12 persons with prevaccination HI titers of 1:80 greater than or equal to 1:80 showed significant nasal antibody rises, whereas only 61% of the remaining 23 subjects with prevaccination HI titers of less than or equal to 1:40 did so. The number and severity of clinical signs and symptoms reported by vaccinees and placebos did not differ significantly. The greatest differences noted between groups were for nasal congestion on days 0 to 6 (8.3%) and rhinitis on days 14 to 20 (5.9%). Four vaccinees shed Alice after primary vaccination, but viral titers were low (10 to 100 tissue culture-infective doses/ml). One member in each of 15 cohabiting male-female couples received Alice while the other received a placebo; one of the placebo members had significant increases in serum and nasal antibody, indicating a possible transmission.
95名年龄在18至56岁之间的健康成年人，间隔2周接受了两剂鼻内接种的甲型（H3N2）减毒活流感疫苗（一种名为“爱丽丝”的对抑制剂有抗性的重组A/英格兰/42/72毒株）。92人同样接受了安慰剂。68名初始血清血凝抑制（HI）效价大于或等于1:40针对甲型（H3N2）流感的受试者中，93%在接种后血清中抗体增加了四倍或更多。27名初始HI效价大于或等于1:80的受试者中，44%有类似的增加。总体而言，77%的疫苗接种者抗体效价增加了四倍或更多。疫苗接种者在0、14和30天时的几何平均血清HI效价（GMT）分别为1:26、1:123和1:166。安慰剂组的GMT分别为1:21、1:22和1:21。对35名疫苗接种者的血清和鼻抗体进行了检测；89%的人在其中一项或两项上有显著增加。鼻抗体反应与初始血清HI效价水平直接相关，即接种前HI效价大于或等于1:80的12人中，83%的人鼻抗体有显著升高，而接种前HI效价小于或等于1:40的其余23名受试者中只有61%有此情况。疫苗接种者和接受安慰剂者报告的临床体征和症状的数量及严重程度没有显著差异。两组之间最大的差异出现在第0至6天的鼻塞（8.3%）和第14至20天的鼻炎（5.9%）。4名疫苗接种者在初次接种后排出了“爱丽丝”毒株，但病毒滴度较低（10至100组织培养感染剂量/毫升）。15对同居的男女夫妇中，每对中的一方接种“爱丽丝”疫苗，另一方接种安慰剂；一名接受安慰剂者的血清和鼻抗体有显著增加，表明可能发生了传播。
