Sturion G L, de Camargo Ranzani M R
Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2000 Mar;50(1):102-8.
Macrofungi can accumulate some minerals, including toxic metals if present in the substrate. A periodic monitoring of these elements in mushrooms is recommended when the conditions of cultivation are altered. The aim of this work was to evaluate the mineral content of Pleurotus spp (hiratake and shimeji) and of imported (chilean and italian) dehydrated mushrooms. Fresh fruiting bodies of Pleurotus spp were obtained from cultivators and dehydrated mushrooms were bought in a market. The samples were dried, milled and digested by C1H-NO3H. The content of P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Na and B were analyzed by ICP-AES and Al, Cd, Cr, Pb, Co, Ni by ICP-OES. The results classify these mushrooms as a source of potassium and copper: Pleurotus spp are also a source of phosphorus (P < 0.05); the chilean mushrooms present high content of iron (P < 0.05). All the evaluated mushrooms were identified as a food without sodium (< 5 mg Na/100 g). So these mushrooms being a source of potassium without Na, answer the needs of hypertension and/or heart diseases patients as a food and/or like a condiment for flavor enhancement. Subsequent studies should include major sampling and the evaluation of the toxic metals, Pb and Cr, employing more accurate methods of analysis, as well as the evaluation of Hg (not analysed in this study), mainly in wild mushrooms, commercialized dehydrated.
大型真菌可以积累一些矿物质，如果基质中存在有毒金属，它们也会积累。当栽培条件发生变化时，建议定期监测蘑菇中的这些元素。这项工作的目的是评估平菇属（姬菇和平菇）以及进口（智利和意大利）脱水蘑菇的矿物质含量。平菇属的新鲜子实体从种植者处获得，脱水蘑菇在市场上购买。将样品干燥、研磨并采用C1H-NO3H进行消解。通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-AES）分析磷、钾、硫、钙、镁、铜、铁、锰、锌、钠和硼的含量，通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）分析铝、镉、铬、铅、钴、镍的含量。结果将这些蘑菇归类为钾和铜的来源：平菇属也是磷的来源（P < 0.05）；智利蘑菇铁含量高（P < 0.05）。所有评估的蘑菇都被鉴定为无钠食品（< 5毫克钠/100克）。因此，这些蘑菇作为无钠的钾来源，可满足高血压和/或心脏病患者对食物和/或调味增强剂的需求。后续研究应包括大量采样，并采用更准确的分析方法评估有毒金属铅和铬，以及评估汞（本研究未分析），主要针对商业化脱水的野生蘑菇。
