Sharp T J, Nicholas M K
University of Sydney Pain Management and Research Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Pain. 2000 Nov;88(2):135-144. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00312-2.
Contemporary reviews of psychological models of chronic pain have favoured behavioural and cognitive-behavioural formulations. These have often assumed that pain behaviours are maintained by environmental reinforcers. One of the most commonly hypothesized sources of reinforcement has been patients' significant others. Further, it has often been recognized that significant others may also be affected by pain behaviours and that they may experience changes in their lifesyles and in their mood as a consequence of living with someone who has pain. Somewhat surprisingly, relatively little clinical research has been published investigating significant others and their relationships with pain patients. Among other things, one of the limiting factors has been the lack of measurement tools available for assessing the relevant variables thought to be important with regards to significant others (such as their responses to, and perceptions of, chronic pain). This study attempted to remedy this situation by developing and testing the psychometric properties of a number of questionnaires specifically designed for significant others of chronic pain patients. The questionnaires have been selected to assess both significant others' (behavioural and cognitive) responses to pain as well as the extent to which pain impacts on their lives. Although not all of the questionnaires were found to possess equally strong psychometric properties, the availability of several solid measures opens the way for more empirical analyses of significant others and their interactions with chronic pain patients.
当代对慢性疼痛心理模型的综述倾向于行为和认知行为方面的表述。这些表述常常假定疼痛行为是由环境强化因素维持的。最常被假设的强化来源之一是患者的重要他人。此外，人们常常认识到重要他人也可能受到疼痛行为的影响，并且由于与疼痛患者共同生活，他们的生活方式和情绪可能会发生变化。有点令人惊讶的是，相对较少有临床研究发表，探讨重要他人及其与疼痛患者的关系。其中一个限制因素是缺乏可用于评估被认为对重要他人很重要的相关变量（例如他们对慢性疼痛的反应和认知）的测量工具。本研究试图通过开发和测试一些专门为慢性疼痛患者的重要他人设计的问卷的心理测量特性来弥补这种情况。这些问卷被选来评估重要他人对疼痛的（行为和认知）反应以及疼痛对他们生活的影响程度。尽管并非所有问卷都被发现具有同样强大的心理测量特性，但几种可靠测量方法的出现为对重要他人及其与慢性疼痛患者的相互作用进行更多实证分析开辟了道路。
