University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 2000 Nov;83(2):213-234. doi: 10.1006/obhd.2000.2907.
In two experiments, we studied the effects of (a) the extent to which group members are risk seeking in comparison with others in the group and (b) group member prototypicality (the extent to which individuals hold group-typical risk preferences) on the likelihood that group members will take the lead in risky decision making. Participants were led to believe that they engaged in a four-person group discussion and received bogus feedback about their own risk preferences, the risk preferences of the other group members, and the risk preferences of their group as a whole. In Experiment 2, we also manipulated the framing of the decision problem (gain vs. loss frame). Results supported the hypotheses that (a) more risk seeking members are more likely to take the lead and (b) prototypical members are more likely to take the lead when the problem facing the group is ambiguous (i.e., when group risk preferences and decision framing are incongruent), whereas nonprototypical members are more likely to take the lead when the problem facing the group is relatively clear-cut (i.e., when group risk preferences and decision framing are congruent). Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
在两项实验中，我们研究了以下因素的影响：（a）与组内其他成员相比，组成员的冒险倾向程度；（b）组成员的典型性（个体持有群体典型风险偏好的程度）对组成员在风险决策中带头的可能性的影响。参与者被引导相信他们参与了一场四人小组讨论，并收到了关于他们自己的风险偏好、其他组成员的风险偏好以及整个小组的风险偏好的虚假反馈。在实验2中，我们还操纵了决策问题的框架（收益框架与损失框架）。结果支持了以下假设：（a）更具冒险倾向的成员更有可能带头；（b）当小组面临的问题不明确时（即当群体风险偏好和决策框架不一致时），典型成员更有可能带头，而当小组面临的问题相对明确时（即当群体风险偏好和决策框架一致时），非典型成员更有可能带头。版权所有2000年学术出版社。
