Riddell L A, Sherrard J
Harrison Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Oct;11(10):632-9. doi: 10.1258/0956462001914986.
Healthcare workers who are in contact with patients and/or clinical material are at continuous risk of acquiring blood-borne viral infections, in particular, infection with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Prevention of occupational exposure is dependent on education. Prevention strategies include immunization, exposure avoidance by the use of universal precautions at all times, and post-exposure advice and prophylaxis. This article will review the risks to healthcare workers associated with exposure to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. It will discuss post-exposure management in the United Kingdom (UK) and briefly outline the risks to patients from infected healthcare workers.
与患者和/或临床材料接触的医护人员持续面临感染血源病毒的风险，尤其是感染乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）。职业暴露的预防依赖于教育。预防策略包括免疫接种、始终采用通用预防措施以避免暴露，以及暴露后咨询和预防。本文将综述医护人员因接触乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和HIV而面临的风险。它将讨论英国的暴露后管理，并简要概述受感染医护人员给患者带来的风险。
