Krawczyk Piotr, Białkowska Jolanta, Dworniak Daniela, Kamerys Juliusz, Szosland Dorota, Jabłkowski Maciej
Katedra Chorób Zakaźnych, Klinika Chorób Zakaźnych i Chorób Watroby, Uniwersytet Medyczny, Łódź.
Med Pr. 2010;61(1):15-22.
Our paper presents the problem of exposure to potentially infectious material among health care workers, and also in police officers, prison guards, cleaning service personnel and ordinary citizens.
In the study period, 200 patients were admitted to the Infectious Diseases Clinic after exposure to potentially infectious materials in order to evaluate the risk of HBV, HCV and HIV infections and initiate post exposure prophylaxis. HBsAg, a-HCV and a-HIV were carried out on the day of admission, a-HBs was measured in patients who had been vaccinated against hepatitis B virus. Clinical evaluation of HBV, HCV, HIV infections was performed in the source patients' plasma.
The study population consisted of 93 health-care workers (63 nurses, 25 physicians, and 5 medical students), 30 policemen, 23 prison guards, 42 cleaning service workers employed in health-care centers. The remaining 12 patients were inhabitants of the Łodź region who had not been occupationally exposed to potentially infectious material.
Although "safe needles" are in use, exposure among health care personnel still occurs. The problem of occupational exposure among police officers and prison guards is highly underestimated. The lack of control over the vaccination against hepatitis B virus in groups not related with health care creates the risk of new infections.
我们的论文提出了医护人员以及警察、狱警、清洁服务人员和普通公民接触潜在感染性物质的问题。
在研究期间，200名患者因接触潜在感染性物质后被收治入传染病诊所，以评估感染乙肝病毒（HBV）、丙肝病毒（HCV）和艾滋病毒（HIV）的风险并启动暴露后预防措施。入院当天检测乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）、抗丙肝病毒（抗-HCV）和抗艾滋病毒（抗-HIV），对已接种乙肝病毒疫苗的患者检测抗-HBs。对源患者血浆进行HBV、HCV、HIV感染的临床评估。
研究人群包括93名医护人员（63名护士、25名医生和5名医学生）、30名警察、23名狱警、42名在医疗保健中心工作的清洁服务人员。其余12名患者是罗兹地区未职业接触潜在感染性物质的居民。
尽管使用了“安全针具”，医护人员中的暴露情况仍有发生。警察和狱警的职业暴露问题被严重低估。对与医疗保健无关人群的乙肝病毒疫苗接种缺乏管控会带来新感染的风险。
