Loewenfeld I E, Thompson H S
Surv Ophthalmol. 1975 Sep-Oct;20(2):81-124. doi: 10.1016/0039-6257(75)90018-1.
Oculomotor paresis with cyclic spasms is a rare syndrome, usually noticeable at birth or developing during the first year of life. On a background of oculomotor paresis, spastic movements occur at regular intervals: about every second minute the lid is raised, the globe wanders toward midline, the pupil contracts, and accomodation increases. These spasms last from 10 to 30 seconds, and then give way again to paresis. Since this phenomenon was first described, opinions were divided about its mechanism and about the site of the responsible defect. Based on a quantitative analysis of a new case, and of all previously published reports, a new theory is proposed which can account for all features of the syndrome.
动眼神经麻痹伴周期性痉挛是一种罕见的综合征，通常在出生时就很明显，或在生命的第一年发展起来。在动眼神经麻痹的背景下，痉挛性运动有规律地发生：大约每隔两分钟，眼睑抬起，眼球向中线游动，瞳孔收缩，调节增强。这些痉挛持续10到30秒，然后又恢复为麻痹状态。自从这种现象首次被描述以来，关于其机制和责任缺陷的部位，人们的意见一直存在分歧。基于对一个新病例和所有先前发表报告的定量分析，提出了一种新理论，该理论可以解释该综合征的所有特征。
