Caputo A A, Brodsky S L, Kemp S
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487-0348, USA.
J Soc Psychol. 2000 Oct;140(5):649-60. doi: 10.1080/00224540009600505.
The authors investigated popular understandings of cruelty among 103 undergraduates who identified the cruelest acts that they had experienced vicariously and personally. The authors also examined the reasons that the cited acts were defined as cruel. Results indicated that most of the vicarious cruel acts involved intense aggression or sexual imposition, whereas personally experienced cruelty was milder, frequently consisting of teasing or gossip. Offense, victim, and perpetrator characteristics were all cited as reasons that acts were considered cruel. The authors also investigated gender differences in reported acts and reasons. Future researchers should address the discrepancies between vicarious and personally experienced cruelty. Findings with regard to personal acts also call for links to the literature on callousness and victimization.
作者调查了103名本科生对残忍行为的普遍理解，这些学生指出了他们间接经历和亲身经历过的最残忍行为。作者还研究了这些被提及的行为被定义为残忍行为的原因。结果表明，大多数间接经历的残忍行为涉及强烈的攻击或性侵犯，而亲身经历的残忍行为则较为轻微，通常包括取笑或流言蜚语。冒犯行为、受害者和施害者的特征都被列为行为被视为残忍的原因。作者还研究了所报告的行为和原因中的性别差异。未来的研究人员应该解决间接经历的残忍行为和亲身经历的残忍行为之间的差异。关于个人行为的研究结果也呼吁与关于冷漠和受害的文献建立联系。
