Rasmussen L B, Ovesen L, Bülow I, Knudsen N, Laurberg P, Perrild H
Institute of Food Research and Nutrition, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Soborg, Denmark.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Nov;72(5):1156-63. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/72.5.1156.
An elevated total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration is considered to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and has also been associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects.
The objective of this study was to investigate folate intake, folate status, and the association between folate intake, other dietary and lifestyle factors, and tHcy concentrations in young and older women.
tHcy concentrations were measured in 290 young women aged 25-30 y and in 288 older women aged 60-65 y. All participants completed questionnaires about factors including lifestyle, health, and use of vitamin supplements. Red blood cell folate was measured in 204 of the participants. A subgroup of 258 participants completed dietary records.
Median tHcy was 7.6 micromol/L (range: 6.5-8.9) in the younger women and 9.4 micromol/L (7.7-11.1) in the older women. Folate intake from diet was 283 (224-348) and 268 (210-326) microg/d, respectively, in the 2 age groups. Folic acid intake from supplements (P: < 0.001 for the younger women and P: = 0.026 for the older women) and total folate intake (P: = 0.024 and P: = 0.079) were inversely associated with log tHcy in multiple linear regression analyses. Smoking status, coffee consumption, systolic blood pressure, and body mass index were positively associated and estrogen replacement therapy and tea consumption were inversely associated with log tHcy in some of the models.
According to the criteria used, between 1% and 36% of the women had suboptimal folate intake. Folic acid is a strong predictor of tHcy concentration; however, several dietary and other lifestyle factors seem to be important as well.
总同型半胱氨酸（tHcy）浓度升高被认为是心血管疾病的独立危险因素，并且也与神经管缺陷风险增加有关。
本研究的目的是调查年轻和老年女性的叶酸摄入量、叶酸状态，以及叶酸摄入量、其他饮食和生活方式因素与tHcy浓度之间的关联。
测量了290名年龄在25 - 30岁的年轻女性和288名年龄在60 - 65岁的老年女性的tHcy浓度。所有参与者完成了关于生活方式、健康和维生素补充剂使用等因素的问卷调查。对204名参与者测量了红细胞叶酸。258名参与者的一个亚组完成了饮食记录。
年轻女性的tHcy中位数为7.6微摩尔/升（范围：6.5 - 8.9），老年女性为9.4微摩尔/升（7.7 - 11.1）。两个年龄组的饮食叶酸摄入量分别为283（224 - 348）和268（210 - 326）微克/天。在多元线性回归分析中，补充剂中的叶酸摄入量（年轻女性P < 0.001，老年女性P = 0.026）和总叶酸摄入量（P = 0.024和P = 0.079）与log tHcy呈负相关。在一些模型中，吸烟状况、咖啡摄入量、收缩压和体重指数与log tHcy呈正相关，而雌激素替代疗法和茶摄入量与log tHcy呈负相关。
根据所使用的标准，1%至36%的女性叶酸摄入量不理想。叶酸是tHcy浓度的有力预测指标；然而，一些饮食和其他生活方式因素似乎也很重要。
