Gielen A C, O'Campo P J, Campbell J C, Schollenberger J, Woods A B, Jones A S, Dienemann J A, Kub J, Wynne E C
Department of Health Policy and Management, Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2000 Nov;19(4):279-85. doi: 10.1016/s0749-3797(00)00234-8.
The purpose of this paper is to describe women's opinions and policy preferences concerning domestic violence screening and mandatory reporting.
This case-control study included 202 abused women and 240 randomly selected non-abused women recruited from a large metropolitan health maintenance organization who were interviewed by telephone. Of these women, 46.6% had a college degree, 53.4% were white, and 60% had a household income of $50,000 or more.
Forty-eight percent of the sample agreed that health care providers should routinely screen all women, with abused women 1.5 times more likely than non-abused women to support this policy. For mandatory reporting, 48% preferred that it be the woman's decision to report abuse to the police. Women thought it would be easier for abused women to get help with routine screening (86%) and mandatory reporting (73%), although concerns were raised about increased risk of abuse with both screening (43%) and reporting (52%) policies. Two thirds of the sample thought women would be less likely to tell their health care providers about abuse under a mandatory reporting policy. Interventions offered in managed care settings that would be well received, according to the women in this study, include counseling services, shelters, and confidential hotlines.
Women expressed fears and concerns about negative consequences of routine screening and, even more so, for mandatory reporting. Domestic violence policies and protocols need to address the safety, autonomy, and confidentiality issues that concern women.
本文旨在描述女性对于家庭暴力筛查和强制报告的看法及政策偏好。
这项病例对照研究纳入了202名受虐女性和240名从一个大型都市健康维护组织中随机选取的未受虐女性，通过电话对她们进行访谈。这些女性中，46.6%拥有大学学历，53.4%为白人，60%家庭收入在5万美元及以上。
48%的样本同意医疗服务提供者应对所有女性进行常规筛查，受虐女性支持这一政策的可能性是非受虐女性的1.5倍。对于强制报告，48%的人倾向于由女性自己决定是否向警方报告虐待行为。女性认为受虐女性通过常规筛查（86%）和强制报告（73%）获得帮助会更容易，不过对于筛查（43%）和报告（52%）政策会增加虐待风险也存在担忧。三分之二的样本认为在强制报告政策下，女性向医疗服务提供者透露虐待情况的可能性会降低。根据本研究中的女性受访者，在管理式医疗环境中提供的受欢迎的干预措施包括咨询服务、庇护所和保密热线。
女性对常规筛查的负面后果表示担忧，对强制报告的担忧更甚。家庭暴力政策和方案需要解决女性关心的安全、自主权和保密性问题。
