Brace M J, Scott Smith M, McCauley E, Sherry D D
Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2000 Oct;21(5):332-9. doi: 10.1097/00004703-200010000-00003.
Parental encouragement of illness behavior is hypothesized to correlate with psychosocial dysfunction in adolescents with chronic illness. To explore this hypothesis, adolescents aged 11 to 17 years with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) (n = 10), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) (n = 16), and healthy adolescents (n = 14) were recruited for the study. Measures included the Achenbach parent and youth self report forms, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale-II (FACES II), the Children's Depression Rating Scale, and number of days absent from school. The Illness Behavior Encouragement Scale (IBES) generated measures of parental reinforcement of illness behavior. As predicted, the teens with CFS scored statistically higher on measures of depression, total competence, and number of days of school missed in the previous 6 months (mean = 40). Children with JRA scored significantly lower than the CFS group on the measure of parental reinforcement of illness behavior. The healthy group produced intermediate scores. Results and implications for future clinical and research activity are discussed.
据推测，父母对患病行为的鼓励与患有慢性病的青少年的心理社会功能障碍相关。为了探究这一假设，本研究招募了11至17岁患有慢性疲劳综合征（CFS）的青少年（n = 10）、青少年类风湿性关节炎（JRA）患者（n = 16）以及健康青少年（n = 14）。测量方法包括阿肯巴克儿童行为量表父母及青少年自评表、家庭适应性和凝聚性评估量表-II（FACES II）、儿童抑郁评定量表以及缺课天数。疾病行为鼓励量表（IBES）用于测量父母对患病行为的强化程度。正如预期的那样，患有CFS的青少年在抑郁、总体能力以及过去6个月的缺课天数（平均 = 40天）等测量指标上得分在统计学上更高。患有JRA的儿童在父母对患病行为的强化程度测量指标上得分显著低于CFS组。健康组的得分处于中间水平。本文讨论了研究结果以及对未来临床和研究活动的启示。
