Sweeney C T, Shopland D R, Hartman A M, Gibson J T, Anderson C M, Gower K B, Burns D M
Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
J Am Med Womens Assoc (1972). 2000 Fall;55(5):311-5.
To determine the prevalence of smoking policies in indoor work environments in the United States, with a special focus on sex differences in the provision of these policies.
Information on the prevalence and restrictiveness of workplace smoking policies was obtained from 86,490 currently employed indoor workers (50,865 women and 35,625 men) 15 years of age and older who responded to the National Cancer Institute's Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey, a cross-sectional survey of households in all 50 states and the District of Columbia conducted between 1995 and 1996.
Eighty-six percent of respondents reported that their workplaces had official smoking policies, and 63% reported that their workplaces were smoke free. Women reported significantly higher rates of both official smoking policies and smoke-free workplaces than men, regardless of racial/ethnic or age group.
The overall rates of worksite smoking restrictions, including the establishment of smoke-free workplaces, were higher than those reported in earlier surveys. Disparities in coverage will need to be reduced if all workers, regardless of sex, race, age, or industry of employment, are to be protected from the demonstrated hazards of environmental tobacco smoke.
确定美国室内工作环境中吸烟政策的普及情况，特别关注这些政策实施中的性别差异。
工作场所吸烟政策的普及情况和限制程度信息，来自于86490名年龄在15岁及以上的在职室内工作者（50865名女性和35625名男性），他们回应了美国国家癌症研究所对当前人口调查的烟草使用补充调查，这是一项在1995年至1996年间对美国50个州和哥伦比亚特区所有家庭进行的横断面调查。
86%的受访者表示其工作场所有官方吸烟政策，63%的受访者表示其工作场所无烟。无论种族/族裔或年龄组如何，女性报告的官方吸烟政策和无烟工作场所的比例均显著高于男性。
包括设立无烟工作场所在内的工作场所吸烟限制总体比例高于早期调查中的报告比例。如果要保护所有工人，无论其性别、种族、年龄或就业行业如何，使其免受环境烟草烟雾已证实的危害，就需要减少覆盖范围方面的差异。
