Bito L Z, Merritt S Q, DeRousseau C J
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1979 Aug;18(8):785-93.
As part of an ophthalmic and anthropometric survey of two free-breeding rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) populations, intraocular pressure (IOP) of 114 animals was measured under ketamine catalepsia with the use of a floating-tip pneumatonometer. The mean IOP of the 102 animals included in the main analyses was 14.9 +/- 2.1 (S.D.) mm Hg. The age distribution of animals in this sample ranged from 7 months to 21 years and reflected reasonably well the estimated age distribution in the total population (approximately 1600 macaques). Since ketamine does not have a barbiturate-like effect on IOP, this value can be regarded as a good estimate of the normal IOP of rhesus monkeys. No significant differences were found between left and right eyes nor between males and females. However, the mean IOP of infants and juveniles (7 months to 3 years) was significantly higher (15.7 +/- 2.0 mm Hg; n = 33) than that of young adult and adult rhesus monkeys (14.5 +/- 2.0; n = 69). The IOP of young animals (less than or equal to 6 years) showed a decline between 9 A.M. and 2 P.M., whereas the IOPs of older animals showed only small fluctuations between 8 A.M. and 5 P.M. This study shows that the normal IOP of macaques is remarkably similar to that of humans and demonstrates the fesibility of surveying IOP in free-ranging primates.
作为对两个自由放养的恒河猴种群进行的眼科和人体测量学调查的一部分，使用漂浮式眼压计在氯胺酮致僵状态下测量了114只动物的眼压。纳入主要分析的102只动物的平均眼压为14.9±2.1（标准差）毫米汞柱。该样本中动物的年龄分布从7个月到21岁，相当好地反映了总种群（约1600只猕猴）的估计年龄分布。由于氯胺酮对眼压没有类似巴比妥酸盐的影响，该值可被视为恒河猴正常眼压的良好估计。左眼和右眼之间以及雄性和雌性之间均未发现显著差异。然而，婴儿和幼年猕猴（7个月至3岁）的平均眼压（15.7±2.0毫米汞柱；n = 33）显著高于年轻成年和成年恒河猴（14.5±2.0；n = 69）。幼龄动物（小于或等于6岁）的眼压在上午9点至下午2点之间呈下降趋势，而老龄动物的眼压在上午8点至下午5点之间仅显示出小的波动。本研究表明，猕猴的正常眼压与人类的非常相似，并证明了在自由放养的灵长类动物中测量眼压的可行性。
