T7 protein synthesis in F-factor-containing cells: evidence for an episomally induced impairment of translation and relation to an alteration in membrane permeability.

T7 infection of F-factor-containing PIFA+, B+ cells is abortive. In spite of the presence of mRNA for all three classes of T7 proteins, only the earliest of the T7 proteins are synthesized. A crucial question is whether the failure of T7 to develop in PIFA+, B+ cells is the result of an inability to translate the late classes of T7 mRNA or, as has been recently suggested (Britton, and Haselkorn, 1975; Condit, 1975), whether it is the result of a more generalized alteration in membrane permeability. We have examined the effects of the wild-type PIFA+, B+ spisome and two sipsomal mutations (pifA- and pifB-) on in vitro translation and membrane permeability. In vivo the episomal mutations allow partial or complete T7 development to occur. We demonstrate that cell-free protein-synthesizing systems from T7-infected PIFA+, B+ cells show a three- to fivefold decrease in the rate of translation of both natural and synthetic mRNA. In addition, ribosomes from T7-infected PIFA+, B+ cells are defective in their ability to bind Fmet tRNAf in response to natural mRNA. By contrast, cell-free extracts from T7-infected pifA-(PIFA-, B+) celld retain the ability to bind Fmet defective T7-infected PIFA+, B+ rigosomes can be restored to full activity by a trypsin-sensitive fraction from uninfected PIFA+, B+ or T7-infected PIFA-, B+ cells. Despite the differences in translational capacity of these extracts, both T7-infected PIFA+, B+ and PIFA-, B+ cells display the same permeability lesions as measured by the loss of ATP from the cells into the supernatant. Mutation of the episome of pifB- prevents the loss of ATP from the cells after T7 infection.